渔业研究2026，Vol.48Issue(2)：200-213,14.DOI:10.14012/j.jfr.2025061
青海湖裸鲤早期资源现状及其与环境因素关系的研究
Study on the early-life stage resource status of Gymnocypris przewalskii in Qinghai Lake and its relationship with the environment factors
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The early-life stage resources(fertilized eggs and larvae)of Gymnocypris przewalskii are particularly crucial for population recovery.This study investigates the relationship between the status of G.przewalskii early-life stage resources and environmental factors in the main inlet rivers of Qinghai Lake,aim-ing to provide a scientific basis for the protection of its early resources and for the ecological operation of water conservancy projects.[Methods]From 2018 to 2024,monitoring was conducted annually from June to September.Based on the actual conditions of each river,conical nets were deployed at monitoring sections in the Buha River,Shaliu River,Quanji River,Heima River,and Ha'ergai River to monitor these resources.Monit-oring was performed 3 times per month,with 12 sampling sessions each time,lasting 24 hours.Additionally,routine monitoring was carried out in the Buha River from June to September,with one session each in the morning,noon,and evening daily.[Results]From 2018 to 2024,the Buha River recorded a total of 6 082 larvae and 2 671 fertilized eggs,with an average drifting density of(7.6×10−1±0.61)ind(grains)/m3 and a cumu-lative resource amount of 20.22×108 ind(grains).The Shaliu River recorded 14 962 larvae and 6 777 fertilized eggs,with an average drifting density of(2.0×10−1±0.09)ind(grains)/m3 and a cumulative resource amount of 1.89×108 ind(grains).The Quanji River recorded 163 339 larvae and 6 791 fertilized eggs,with an average drifting density of(6.5×10−1±0.49)ind(grains)/m3 and a cumulative resource amount of 2.55×108 ind(grains).The Heima River recorded 6 082 larvae and 5 359 fertilized eggs,with an average drifting density of(1.07±0.49)ind(grains)/m3 and a cumulative resource amount of 0.22×108 ind(grains).The Ha'ergai River recorded 7 365 larvae and 3 531 fertilized eggs,with an average drifting density of(1.5×10−1±0.06)ind(grains)/m3 and a cumulative resource amount of 0.82×108 ind(grains).In June,fertilized eggs accounted for 94.2%–98.3%of the total number of fertilized eggs and larvae.In July,the numbers of fertilized eggs and lar-vae tended to balance,while in August,fertilized eggs accounted for only 0.1%–9.6%.Significant commonalit-ies were observed in the diurnal rhythms of larvae and fertilized eggs across the five rivers.Specifically,the patterns for larvae were highly consistent,whereas those for fertilized eggs exhibited a"partially consistent,partially irregular"characteristic.The primary environmental factor influencing the abundance of early-life stage resources was light intensity(P<0.01).[Conclusion]The Buha River is the primary site for the occur-rence of G.przewalskii early-life stage resources,while the Shaliu River and Ha'ergai River serve as important supplementary sources.Larvae exhibit a distinct diurnal rhythm,predominantly occurring at night.Light intens-ity is the key environmental factor influencing the abundance of early-life stage resources.The findings of this study provide scientific support for the sustainable ecological development of the Qinghai Lake fishery.关键词
青海湖裸鲤/早期资源/资源现状/环境因素Key words
Gymnocypris przewalskii/early-life stage resources/resource status/environmental factors分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
付生云,闫丽婷,吴洪芳,罗颖,祁洪芳,俞录贤,吕伟刚,田文根,郭若晨,崔恩慧,张涛..青海湖裸鲤早期资源现状及其与环境因素关系的研究[J].渔业研究,2026,48(2):200-213,14.基金项目
国家科技资源共享服务平台建设运行项目(2025) （2025）
青海省重点研发与转化计划项目(2024-SF-152) （2024-SF-152）
