清华大学学报（自然科学版）2026，Vol.66Issue(3)：577-585,9.DOI:10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2025.26.044
输电导线初始热力融冰与机械冲击复合除冰技术
Rapid de-icing method for transmission line combining initial ice melting and impact de-icing
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Considering the characteristics of thermal de-icing of transmission lines,which is safe but time-consuming,and those of mechanical impact de-icing,which is simple and fast but may damage the transmission line components,this article proposes a combined de-icing technology involving initial thermal and mechanical impact de-icing.[Methods]The combined de-icing technology first uses thermal de-icing to melt the ice layer at the contact surface between the ice and the conductor,thereby reducing the adhesion force between the ice and the conductor to nearly 0.Mechanical impact de-icing is then initiated,where only a small impact force is required to exceed the cohesion force of the ice and cause the ice to fall off.To verify the effectiveness of the combined de-icing technology,a complete numerical model for de-icing of ice-covered conductors was established in stages.Using FLUENT,a heat transfer model for melting ice in ice-covered conductors(considering factors such as Joule heating and latent heat of the phase change)was established,and key parameters(such as ambient temperature,ice thickness,and the de-icing current)were set.Through transient thermal flow coupling calculations,the initial melting process was simulated,and the time threshold for initial thermal ice melting under different working conditions was determined.Subsequently,using ABAQUS(a de-icing model for ice-covered conductors considering the anisotropic mechanical properties of the ice layer)was established based on the ice melting model of ice-covered conductors.The cohesive element was introduced,and the failure behavior of the ice cohesive force was simulated through the maximum stress and the ice shedding criterion.A calculation of the de-icing process was conducted,considering only the ice cohesive force.In terms of load application,the explicit dynamics analysis method was adopted,and the critical(impact force)impact acceleration for ice shedding was obtained by applying transient impact loads.[Results]The results showed that during the initial thermal ice melting stage,the lower the ambient temperature was,the greater the wind speed,and the smaller the de-icing current was,the longer the ice melting time.The ice thickness had no significant effect on the initial thermal ice melting time.Under the condition of no adhesion force,the increased in the cohesive strength of the ice increased the impact force required for ice shedding.The de-icing time of the combined de-icing technology was approximately 10.00％-20.00％less than that of thermal ice melting alone,and the impact force(critical acceleration)was approximately 40.00％less than that of mechanical impact de-icing alone.[Conclusions]This study proposes a combined de-icing technology that achieves efficient and low-damage de-icing through staged coordinated action.This technology first uses the Joule heating effect to cause a phase change at the conductor-ice interface and generate a water film,reducing the interface adhesion force to below the critical value.A mechanical impact load is then applied,and only the cohesive force of the ice needs to be overcome to achieve ice shedding,reducing both the de-icing time and the impact force of mechanical impact de-icing.The mechanical impact de-icing test results under the condition of no adhesion force verify the feasibility of this combined de-icing technology for transmission lines.De-icing is achieved in a short time with negligible damage to transmission lines,and no residual ice is left on the conductor surface following de-icing.As such,the economy and safety of de-icing operations are significantly improved.关键词
输电线路/热力融冰/冲击除冰/内聚强度Key words
transmission lines/thermal ice melting/impact de-icing/cohesive strength分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
周超,任俊,姬昆鹏,李军辉,李力..输电导线初始热力融冰与机械冲击复合除冰技术[J].清华大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,66(3):577-585,9.基金项目
国家电网有限公司科技项目(5200-202499392A-3-3-ZX) （5200-202499392A-3-3-ZX）
中国空气动力研究与发展中心结冰与防除冰重点实验室开放课题项目(IADL20220201) （IADL20220201）
