上海预防医学2026，Vol.38Issue(2)：116-121,6.DOI:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2026.250296
2015-2024年上海市黄浦区14岁及以上人群急性呼吸道感染病例多病原流行特征分析
Analyses of the epidemiological characteristics of multiple pathogens in people aged 14 years and above with acute respiratory infection in Huangpu District of Shanghai from 2015 to 2024
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of 8 major respiratory pathogens in influenza-like illness(ILI)cases with acute respiratory infections at fever clinics in Huangpu District,Shanghai from 2015 to 2024,and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases.[Methods]A retrospective study was conducted in Huangpu District.Individuals meeting the case definition of ILI from 2015 to 2024 was registered.Their nasopharyngeal swabs were collected for pathogen detection.A total of 8 respiratory viruses were tested,including Influenza A virus(Flu A),Influenza B virus(Flu B),adenovirus(ADV),enterovirus/human rhinovirus(EV/HRV),human parainfluenza virus(HPIV),human coronavirus(HCoV),respiratory syncytial virus(RSV),and human metapneumovirus(HMPV).[Results]From 2015 to 2019,a total of 344 ILI cases were tested,of which 192 out of 344 cases(55.81%)were tested positive for single respiratory pathogen.From 2023 to 2024,1 557 ILI cases were tested,with 572 out of 1 557 cases(36.74%)being positive for single pathogen.From 2023 to 2024,the positive rate of single pathogen in ILI cases was significantly lower than that in 2015‒2019(χ2=42.66,P<0.001).Specifically,the positive rate of Flu A(χ2=74.43,P<0.001)decreased,while that of HPIV(χ2=8.66,P=0.003)increased,both with statistically significant differences.According to the seasonal pattern,the epidemic intensity of Flu A decreased in summer,while that of HPIV increased in summer and autumn.Demographic results showed statistically significant differences in the positive rates of EV/HRV between genders(χ2=22.38,P<0.001),with males exhibiting a higher positive rate than females.No statistically significant differences were identified in the positive rates of single pathogen among different age groups(χ2=4.42,P=0.110).Nevertheless,statistically significant differences were noted when comparing the positive rates of EV/HRV,Flu A,Flu B and HPIV across different age groups(P<0.05).EV/HRV was more commonly detected in the 15‒<25 age group(10.93%),while Flu A and HPIV had the highest positive rates in the≥60 age group(21.24%and 4.77%).Flu B had the highest positive rate in the 25‒<60 age group(11.26%).52.63%of cases with co-infections occurred during winter,with the primary pathogens involved being EV/HRV(9 cases)and HCoV(6 cases).The most prevalent combination of co-infection was Flu A with EV/HRV.[Conclusion]The prevalence of respiratory pathogens among ILI cases from 2023 to 2024 exhibited notable fluctuations compared to that from 2015 to 2019.Therefore,influenza surveillance should be strengthened,and attention should also be paid to the prevalence of respiratory pathogens such as HPIV.These findings have profound implications for future research,surveillance,vaccine planning,and public health policy making.关键词
急性呼吸道感染/呼吸道病原体/流行特征/哨点监测/病原学Key words
acute respiratory infection/respiratory pathogen/epidemiological characteristic/sentinel surveillance/etiology分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
张允,陈胤孜,左真子,王宇,沈福杰,黄钰亮,高强,姜晨彦,王怡珺..2015-2024年上海市黄浦区14岁及以上人群急性呼吸道感染病例多病原流行特征分析[J].上海预防医学,2026,38(2):116-121,6.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(82404331) （82404331）
黄浦区科委基金项目(HLQ202418) （HLQ202418）
