生物技术通报2026，Vol.42Issue(2)：51-64,14.DOI:10.13560/j.cnki.biotech.bull.1985.2025-1001
拟杆菌遗传操作工具箱:从传统方法到合成生物学前沿
Bacteroides Genetic Manipulation Toolbox:From Conventional Methods to the Frontiers of Synthetic Biology
摘要
Abstract
Bacteroides,as an extremely abundant and functionally important commensal bacterial group in the human gut microbiome,play key roles in nutrient metabolism,immune regulation,and disease development.However,due to its strict anaerobic nature and active restriction-modification systems,genetic manipulation of Bacteroides has long been hampered by limited tools and low efficiency.This article systematically reviews the development of the genetic manipulation toolbox for Bacteroides and summarizes the specific applications of these tools in functional gene validation,metabolic pathway elucidation,and the development of live bacterial therapeutics.The article first outlines the essential components required for genetic manipulation in Bacteroides.It then introduces targeted gene-editing methods,including homologous recombination,CRISPR-Cas systems,and genetic complementation systems.Subsequently,it describes strategies for genome-wide screening of novel functional genes,such as transposon mutagenesis.Through concrete examples,it analyzes the application of these technologies in deciphering the pathogenic mechanisms and metabolic regulatory networks of Bacteroides.Finally,it discusses current challenges and future directions,including multi-site editing and community-level manipulation.This review aims to provide researchers with a systematic and practical set of genetic manipulation strategies to advance in-depth studies of Bacteroides'functional mechanisms and its applications in the field of synthetic biology.关键词
拟杆菌/人类肠道共生菌/遗传操作/基因编辑Key words
Bacteroides/human gut commensal bacteria/genetic manipulation/gene editing引用本文复制引用
陈玲嫣,李伟勋,逄欣欣,高翔,焦绪瑶..拟杆菌遗传操作工具箱:从传统方法到合成生物学前沿[J].生物技术通报,2026,42(2):51-64,14.基金项目
山东省自然科学基金重大基础研究项目(ZR2024ZD47) （ZR2024ZD47）
