太平洋学报2026，Vol.34Issue(2)：19-30,12.DOI:10.14015/j.cnki.1004-8049.2026.02.002
美国稀土产业的中游塌陷、战略重建与制约因素
The U.S.Rare Earth Industry:Midstream Collapse,Strategic Reconstruction and the Restriction Dilemmas
摘要
Abstract
The midstream segment constitutes the core hub for value realization in the rare earth industry,and control over this segment is directly linked to a major power's capacity for high-technology development and national security autonomy.The U.S.rare earth supply chain faces a midstream collapse characterized by the absence of separation and refining capabilities,severe key technological deficiencies,and a distorted corporate ecosystem.The United States has advanced a strategic reconstruction of its rare earth industry through"the securitization of critical minerals",continuous policy upgrades,expanded public-private partnerships,and"strengthened international cooperation and supply-chain restructuring".During his second term,President Trump adopted transactional and radical foreign policies to push forward the"rare earth securitization"agenda and diversify upstream supply sources.The recent tightening of rare-earth competition has further stimulated America's strategic rebuilding,yet current progress remains confined to addressing fragmented points of industrial recovery,with no clear resolution to the broader structural collapse.The U.S.midstream collapse represents a structural backlash from decades of neoliberal economic policy and deindustrialization strategies in the field of critical minerals.Its strategic reconstruction faces three systemic constraints—technological chokepoints,political environment and industrial ecosystem—rooted in a fundamental misalignment between the U.S.technological cognition and industrial practice system,posing significant challenges to the sustainable development of both the midstream and the broader rare earth value chain.关键词
稀土产业/产供链/再工业化/关键矿产/稀土安全化Key words
rare earth industry/industry and supply chain/reindustrialization/critical minerals/rare earth securitization分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
郑执浩,崔守军..美国稀土产业的中游塌陷、战略重建与制约因素[J].太平洋学报,2026,34(2):19-30,12.基金项目
本文系中国人民大学澄海全球发展与安全高等研究院2025年博士研究生课题"文化—政治思潮与世界秩序的建构研究:霸权国武器化思潮及作用考察"(CH2025-BS-018)的阶段性研究成果. （CH2025-BS-018）
