系统管理学报2026，Vol.35Issue(2)：295-315,21.DOI:10.3969/j.issn2097-4558.2026.02.001
绿色与非绿色产品替代关系不对称的政府补贴策略
Government Subsidy Strategies Considering Asymmetric Substitution Relationship Between Green and Non-Green Products
摘要
Abstract
The gradual nature of green transformation in the manufacturing sector means the coexistence and competition of green and non-green products in the market over the long term.Due to the unique environmental attributes of green products,an asymmetric substitution relationship arises between the two,directly affecting the incentives and strategic choices of government subsidy policies.This paper explores the game between green and non-green manufacturers and their dominant retailers under three scenarios:no government subsidy,lump-sum subsidy,and per-unit subsidy,and analyzes the factors affecting subsidy effectiveness and strategy selection.It is found that both subsidy strategies can improve product greenness,promote green consumption,and increase retailer profit,with green manufacturer profits and subsidy coefficients exhibiting a positive U-shaped and inverse U-shaped relationship,respectively.Intensified competition between green and non-green products can raise prices,but through market expansion or enhanced premium capability,all supply chain members can benefit.When competition is sufficiently intense and per-unit subsidies are high,green product prices may fall below levels under no subsidy.Given the same total subsidy expenditure,lump-sum subsidies can better motivate overall green transformation and development of the supply chain,whereas per-unit subsidies can better strengthen government performance across multi-dimensions,including corporate profits,consumer surplus,and environmental improvement.When both subsidy intensity and the marginal return on environmental improvement are high,the government tends to adopt per-unit subsidies to achieve multi-dimensional objectives,although the asymmetric substitution between the two products can weaken this motivation.If cost differences between the two product types are large,the government is more likely to use lump-sum subsidies to ensure policy effectiveness.Reducing green costs or enhancing consumer green preferences helps green products capture market share from non-green products.This clarifies the principles and conditions under which different subsidy policies influence supply chain green transformation,providing micro-decision-making insights for enterprises and theoretical basis for the government policy aimed at promoting the green transformation and development of enterprises.关键词
供应链竞争/不对称替代/一次性补贴/单位补贴/零售商主导Key words
supply chain competition/asymmetric substitution/lump-sum subsidy/per-unit subsidy/retailer-led分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
尚文芳,王秉艳,王坤..绿色与非绿色产品替代关系不对称的政府补贴策略[J].系统管理学报,2026,35(2):295-315,21.基金项目
教育部人文社会科学基金规划项目(22YJA630069) （22YJA630069）
河南省软科学研究计划项目(252400411259) （252400411259）
教育部人文社会科学基金青年项目(24YJC630204) （24YJC630204）
