畜牧兽医学报2026，Vol.57Issue(3)：1267-1277,11.DOI:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2026.03.009
肠道微绒毛结构及其功能研究进展
Research Progress on the Structure and Function of Intestinal Microvilli
摘要
Abstract
The intestine,as the organ responsible for food digestion and nutrient absorption within the body,its structural and functional integrity is of critical importance for health maintainance.The brush border is an essential intestinal structure that,through its highly ordered array of microvilli,greatly expands the absorptive surface area and plays a central role in mediating nutrient transport,maintaining epithelial homeostasis,and forming a physical barrier defense.A clear understanding of the brush border's microstructure is of great value for both basic and clinical research related to intestinal function.This article systematically reviews the structural components of the brush border and the ultrastructure of microvilli,with a focus on the actin core bundles within microvilli;the cross-linking roles of bundling proteins such as Fimbrin,Villin,and Espin-1;the mechanical stabilization and dynamic regulation provided by the terminal web through proteins including Calmodulin,Spectrin,and Myosin;and the regulatory function of the intermicrovillar adhesion complex in the ordered assembly of microvilli.By offering a systematic overview of microvillar architecture and functional proteins,this work provides an important theoretical basis for deep understanding the assembly and regulatory mechanisms of small-intestinal microvilli and their targeted modulation in intestinal diseases.关键词
肠道微绒毛/刷状缘/末端网状结构/微绒毛结构蛋白/微绒毛间黏附复合物Key words
microvilli/brush border/terminal web/microvillar structural proteins/intermicrovillar adhesion complex分类
生物科学引用本文复制引用
孟佳豪,郑爱娟,韩云胜,杨培龙..肠道微绒毛结构及其功能研究进展[J].畜牧兽医学报,2026,57(3):1267-1277,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1300601) （2022YFD1300601）
养殖动物微生物种质创新与应用(CAAS-ZDRW202305) （CAAS-ZDRW202305）
中国农业科学院饲料研究所基础科技创新任务(CAAS-IFR-JCCX-2025-05) （CAAS-IFR-JCCX-2025-05）
