中国比较医学杂志2026，Vol.36Issue(5)：114-124,11.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1671-7856.2026.05.010
3D细胞培养研究进展:雄性睾丸生殖毒性体外模型
Advances in 3D cell culture:in vitro models of male testicular reproductive toxicity
摘要
Abstract
In recent years,declining male fertility and increasing incidence of testis-related diseases have become increasingly prominent,with environmental toxins,genetic factors,and lifestyle being the main contributing factors.Assessment of male reproductive toxicity has emerged as a critical link in environmental safety and drug development processes.Traditional animal experiments suffer from several limitations,including long experimental cycles,ethical controversies,interspecies differences,and the inability to simulate the testicular microenvironment.With the implementation of the 3R principle(reduction,replacement,and refinement),the construction of in vitro models with high physiological relevance has becomeinevitable.3D cell culture can mimic the in vivo environment and provide a suitable 3D niche for testicular cells.This review summarizes the research progress into 3D cell culture for the development of testicular models.The composition of the testicular germ cell niche and its significance for toxicity assessment are detailed,and the characteristics and efficacy of five 3D culture systems including decellularized testicular scaffolds and hydrogel scaffolds,from the perspectives of their technical principles and applications are analyzed.Additionally,existing limitations of current models are addressed,proposing that future research should focus on standardization,multicell co-culture,and high-throughput screening.These efforts are intended to promote the application of 3D testicular models in reproductive toxicity research,providing support for environmental safety assessment and drug development.关键词
3D培养/睾丸/体外模型/雄性生殖毒性Key words
3D culture/testis/in vitro model/male reproductive toxicity分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
李欢,邓辉,高婷,沈嘉忱,刘志永,高俊宏..3D细胞培养研究进展:雄性睾丸生殖毒性体外模型[J].中国比较医学杂志,2026,36(5):114-124,11.基金项目
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划一般项目(2025JC-YBQN-1217) （2025JC-YBQN-1217）
含能材料重点实验基金资助项目(2024-KSYSJJ-12). （2024-KSYSJJ-12）
