安徽农业大学学报（社会科学版）2026，Vol.35Issue(1)：52-64,13.DOI:10.19747/j.cnki.1009-2463.2026.01.005
有机肥价格补贴的"补贴锁定"与"亲富"效应
"Subsidy Lock-in"and"Pro-rich"Effect of Organic Fertilizer Price Subsidies:
摘要
Abstract
Most evaluations of policies that encourage substituting organic for chemical fertilizer emphasize environmental outcomes,with much less attention to fiscal costs and equity,yielding an imbalanced assessment.Using a benefit-incidence(subsidy-incidence)curve together with a PSM-DID design,this study examines the distributional effects of organic-fertilizer price subsidies.The results show:(1)the policy generates a pronounced"subsidy lock-in"effect:Households in the top 30%of initial commercial organic fertilizer application exhibit such rigid demand that the subsidies are largely converted into excess rents without substantially increasing organic fertilizer application,implying an efficiency loss in the allocation of fiscal resources.(2)The subsidy distribution exhibits a"pro-rich"allocation:Households in the top decile of income receive 25.78%of total subsidies versus 7.02%for the bottom decile,revealing a vertical-equity gap.(3)The income-enhancing effects demonstrate heterogeneity:the subsidies significantly increase non-agricultural income,while promotion of agricultural income is mainly concentrated among households with lower initial organic fertilizer input.This suggests that the policy is more effective in triggering production improvements among low-endowment households and aligns with the process of labor transfer to non-agricultural sectors.Accordingly,three policy optimization recommendations are proposed:(1)introducing a subsidy phase-out for high-input households;(2)providing a"subsidy+training"package for low-input households;and(3)improving quality standards and premium pricing mechanisms.关键词
有机肥价格补贴/收入分配/受补贴肥料归属曲线/农户异质性/有机肥替代Key words
organic fertilizer price subsidies/income distribution/subsidized fertilizer incidence curve/farmer heterogeneity/substitution of organic fertilizers分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
方萍萍,马一鸣,林光华..有机肥价格补贴的"补贴锁定"与"亲富"效应[J].安徽农业大学学报（社会科学版）,2026,35(1):52-64,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目"农业绿色发展背景下异质性经营主体有机肥替代化肥行为机制及政府干预研究"(72073070) （72073070）
上海杉达学院科研基金项目"农业数字化转型中数字技术研发优先序研究——以种植业为例"(2025BSZX06) （2025BSZX06）
