重庆理工大学学报2026，Vol.40Issue(5)：1-11,11.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8425(z).2026.03.001
低空无人机先进热管理技术研究进展
Thermal management technologies for unmanned aerial vehicles
摘要
Abstract
Driven by the rapid expansion of the low-altitude economy and specialized operational demands,Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)and Electric Vertical Take-off and Landing(eVTOL)aircrafts are evolving toward higher power-to-weight ratios and all-weather operational capabilities.However,thermal management is a bottleneck limiting their performance and airworthiness.This paper reviews the recent research advances in UAV thermal management technologies in low-altitude operations.First,drawing on electrochemical and electromagnetic thermodynamics,the non-steady-state heat generation mechanisms and environmental coupling mechanisms of core heat sources,including traction batteries,high-frequency electric drives,and onboard electronics,are elucidated under varied operating conditions.Then,the component-level thermal control technologies targeting high heat flux densities are highlighted,covering topology-optimized liquid cooling,active-passive synergistic cooling with phase change materials(PCM),oil spray cooling for motor windings,and micro-nano scale interfacial heat transfer enhancement.Next,to promote the development of intelligent low-altitude systems,cross-disciplinary integration methods are discussed,including aerothermal co-design,structural-thermal-functional integration,and active thermal management strategies based on model predictive control(MPC).It is concluded that future thermal management architectures must overcome the limitations of single heat dissipation methods,evolving towards pump-driven two-phase thermal transport,thermoelectric energy cascading,and digital twin-enabled thermal control.This paper may provide some insight into achieving efficient,lightweight,and intelligent low-altitude aerial vehicles.关键词
低空经济/无人机/热管理/非稳态产热/智能控制Key words
low-altitude economy/UAV/thermal management/non-steady-state heat generation/intelligent control分类
航空航天引用本文复制引用
冯帅,李冠甫,宋洁,赖晨光,何自强..低空无人机先进热管理技术研究进展[J].重庆理工大学学报,2026,40(5):1-11,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(52406069,52206072) （52406069,52206072）
