康复学报2026，Vol.36Issue(3)：179-187,9.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1329.2026.03006
基于自我效能理论探讨阈下抑郁老年人太极拳训练高运动依从性影响因素的质性研究
Qualitative Study on Influencing Factors of High Exercise Adherence to Tai Chi Training in Older Adults with Subthreshold Depression Based on Self-Efficacy Theory
摘要
Abstract
Objective To explore the influencing factors of high exercise adherence to Tai Chi training among older adults with subthreshold depression(StD)based on self-efficacy theory,and to provide evidence for optimizing exercise rehabilitation pro-grams.Methods A qualitative study method was adopted.Using purposive sampling method,32 older adults with StD who were recruited from community settings in Fuzhou between July and December 2024,had participated in Tai Chi training,and demon-strated an exercise adherence rate above 80%were selected.Semi-structured one-on-one interviews were conducted within one month after completion of the Tai Chi intervention.A total of 28 valid interviews were included in the final analysis.Data were ana-lyzed using NVivo 14.0 software,applying thematic analysis to extract themes and construct a theoretical model.Results The study identified core elements influencing Tai Chi exercise adherence among older adults with StD,which were summarized into 4 themes and 11 subthemes:skill mastery,role transition,and behavioral internalization were categorized as"internalized proof of suc-cess";role modeling,cultural identification,and group dynamics were categorized as"social role models and group strength";instructor guidance,family encouragement,and environmental support were categorized as"reliable external support";physiological and psychological improvements were categorized as"physical and mental health improvements".These four themes corresponded to the sources of influence in self-efficacy theory—mastery experience,vicarious experience,verbal persuasion,and physiological/affective states.These dimensions collectively contributed to enhanced exercise adherence.Conclusion Leveraging the four sources of self-efficacy information—mastery experience,vicarious experience,verbal persuasion,and physiological/affective states can effectively enhance exercise adherence to Tai Chi training among older adults with StD.In future practice,exercise intervention strat-egies centered on self-efficacy can be further optimized by focusing on the following aspects:establishing a hierarchical goal-setting system,fostering a group-based exercise atmosphere,enhancing the sense of meaning in exercise participation,strengthening exer-cise supervision and family support,and implementing a feedback mechanism for physical and mental improvements.关键词
阈下抑郁/老年人群/自我效能/质性研究/太极拳/运动依从性Key words
subthreshold depression/older adults/self-efficacy/qualitative study/Tai Chi/exercise adherence引用本文复制引用
吴铁成,王彦琳,吴劲松,谢秋蓉,庄彬弘,张可盈,柳维林..基于自我效能理论探讨阈下抑郁老年人太极拳训练高运动依从性影响因素的质性研究[J].康复学报,2026,36(3):179-187,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(82305357) （82305357）
福建省自然科学基金项目(2023J05174) （2023J05174）
福建中医药大学康复技术协同创新中心开放课题(X2023002-协同) （X2023002-协同）
