红外与毫米波学报2026，Vol.45Issue(1)：77-89,13.DOI:10.11972/j.issn.1001-9014.2026.01.009
星载微波辐射计定标源辐射亮温计量校准技术方案研究
Research on the metrological calibration technology scheme of brightness temperature for the space-borne microwave radiometer calibration target
摘要
Abstract
Aiming at the application requirements for brightness temperature calibration of spaceborne microwave radi‐ometer thermal calibration targets,based on the temperature gradient characteristics of the absorptive coating and the generation mechanism of brightness temperature bias,and combined with engineering-feasible temperature measure‐ment methods and experimental approaches,this study focuses on researching an on-orbit applicable brightness tempera‐ture metrology calibration technical solution.Given the current background of high emissivity design and determination technology of the calibration target being basically perfected,this work focuses on summarizing the methods for deter‐mining the temperature gradient characteristics of the calibration target coating.The goal is to construct an in-orbit avail‐able brightness temperature calibration method that uses multiple parameters,such as the measurable temperature values of the metal inner core of the calibration target and that near the radiation aperture of the calibration target.Based on fea‐sible electromagnetic simulation technology,thermal simulation technology,platinum resistance and infrared tempera‐ture measurement techniques,the paper preliminarily summarizes the implementation path of the brightness temperature calibration technology system for space-borne calibration targets.This involves first constructing a basic brightness tem‐perature calibration model considering uniform background brightness temperature and improving the mapping relation‐ship from the inner core temperature of the calibration target and the equivalent background brightness temperature to the longitudinal temperature gradient of the coating.Subsequently,an application model for brightness temperature calibra‐tion considering the installation environment is constructed,improving the mapping relationship from the temperature measurements of the inner core and that of the radiation aperture area of calibration target to the overall brightness tem‐perature deviation.Finally,the validation and application of the brightness temperature calibration model are dis‐cussed.The research on brightness temperature calibration of space-borne calibration source is an important technical basis and reference for further improving the accuracy of brightness temperature of calibration target and even develop‐ing space microwave radiation measurement standards.关键词
微波辐射计/微波定标源/辐射亮温/在轨定标/亮温校准Key words
microwave radiometer/microwave calibration target/radiant brightness temperature/in-orbit calibration/brightness temperature calibration分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
高青松,江世臣,李一楠,程春悦,李雪,李得天,陶院,杨雷,张虎忠,马动涛,彭苗苗,金铭,郭强..星载微波辐射计定标源辐射亮温计量校准技术方案研究[J].红外与毫米波学报,2026,45(1):77-89,13.基金项目
甘肃省科技重大专项计划项目(22ZD6GA011)、国家自然科学基金面上项目(62371031) Sponsored by the Major Science and Technology Special Project of Gansu Province(22ZD6GA011),and the National Natural Sci-ence Foundation of China(62371031). （22ZD6GA011）
