蔬菜Issue(2)：125-142,18.DOI:10.26924/j.cnki.sczz.2026.2010
蔬菜应对重金属胁迫的分子机制研究现状
Research Status on Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Vegetable Responses to Heavy Metal Stress
摘要
Abstract
Soil heavy metal pollution poses a serious threat to the safe production of vegetables and human health.This review systematically summarizes the molecular mechanisms and mitigation strategies of vegetables in response to heavy metal stress.Key issues in the study of heavy metal accumulation patterns and toxicity mechanisms in vegetables are first outlined,highlighting that the accumulation capacity generally follows the order:leafy vegetables＞rootstalk vegetables＞fruit-bearing vegetables,with genotypic differences,organ specificity and environmental interactions being the main factors driving this variation.Furthermore,the physiological damage mechanisms induced by heavy metal stress are systematically elaborated,including oxidative stress,photosynthetic inhibition and metabolic disorders.The multi-layered detoxification mechanisms of vegetables are detailed,covering cell wall pectin/lignin adsorption,phytochelatin and glutathione-mediated chelation,vacuolar transporter-mediated sequestration and the efflux function of ABCG transporters.At the molecular level,the synergistic roles of mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)cascades,calcium signaling pathways,hormonal networks(including melatonin,brassinosteroids,jasmonic acid and abscisic acid)and transcription factors(including WRKY,MYB and NAC)in molecular regulation are discussed,emphasizing the dynamic regulatory functions of post-translational modifications(including ubiquitination,methylation and phosphorylation)in stress responses.Finally,mitigation strategies based on molecular mechanisms are summarized such as the application of immobilization agents,microbe-plant synergistic remediation and genetic engineering for endogenous resistance.Prospects for integrating multi-omics,gene editing and smart material technologies to establish a full-chain solution from soil remediation to variety breeding are proposed,providing a theoretical foundation for ensuring vegetable safety and managing heavy metal pollution.关键词
重金属胁迫/蔬菜抗性/分子调控/解毒机制/信号转导/转录因子/翻译后修饰/污染修复Key words
heavy metal stress/vegetable resistance/molecular regulation/detoxification mechanism/signal transduction/transcription factor/post-translational modification/pollution remediation分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
贾丛杨,董丹慧,申成丞,刘莉莎,郭仰东,张娜..蔬菜应对重金属胁迫的分子机制研究现状[J].蔬菜,2026,(2):125-142,18.基金项目
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2023B02017) （2023B02017）
南充市科技计划项目(23JCYJPTJS0002) （23JCYJPTJS0002）
现代农业产业技术体系北京市设施蔬菜创新团队项目(BAIC01-2025). （BAIC01-2025）
