中国土壤与肥料Issue(2)：114-124,11.DOI:10.11838/sfsc.1673-6257.25317
氮磷钾肥优化施用对马铃薯产量及抗晚疫病能力的影响研究
Study on the effects of optimized application of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers on potato yield and resistance to late blight
摘要
Abstract
This study employed the"311-A"optimal mixture design for field experiments to explore the impact of different nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizer applications on late blight and yield of potatoes.The results indicated that soil nutrient content significantly fluctuated with the increase or decrease of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizer applications,and a significant positive correlation was observed between them.The occurrence and spread of late blight in potatoes were relatively rapid;however,the resistance of potatoes to late blight was significantly enhanced through the rational application of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers.Different fertilizer applications significantly affected the disease index of potato late blight,and compared to the control without fertilizer(CK),the application of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers reduced the diseased plant rate and disease index of potato late blight.However,excessive application of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers increased the disease index of potato late blight.Moreover,the application of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers had a significant promotional effect on potato yield.With the increase of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizer applications,the potato yield increased in a parabolic pattern,with an increased range of 15.58%to 53.26%.Among the treatments,N0P0K0 showed the best yield performance,reaching 44085 kg·hm-2.The order of yield increase per unit of fertilizer application for potatoes was N>K2O>P2O5.Under the conditions of this experiment,triple quadratic regression analysis showed a good fit for the total equation of nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers with yield,determining the optimal fertilizer application rates:nitrogen fertilizer at N 251.09 kg·hm-2,phosphorus at P2O5 103.51 kg·hm-2,and potassium at K2O 162.58 kg·hm-2,corresponding to the highest predicted yield of 44137 kg·hm-2.Different nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilization rates could significantly affect the late blight disease index and yield of potato,and there was a significant negative correlation between them.Scientific and precise fertilization could not only improve soil nutrient levels and enhance the disease resistance of potato plants to late blight,but also promote green control practices and achieve significant yield improvement.关键词
氮磷钾肥/马铃薯产量/晚疫病/精准施肥/绿色防控Key words
nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers/potato yield/late blight/precision fertilization/green pest management引用本文复制引用
王平,谢成俊,王镭,陈娟,孙振荣..氮磷钾肥优化施用对马铃薯产量及抗晚疫病能力的影响研究[J].中国土壤与肥料,2026,(2):114-124,11.基金项目
甘肃省重点研发项目(23YFNA0015) （23YFNA0015）
兰州市科技计划项目(2024-3-101). （2024-3-101）
