生态学报2026，Vol.46Issue(6)：3026-3044,19.DOI:10.20103/j.stxb.202505301364
晋西黄土区长期典型植被恢复类型生态功能评价及其影响因素
Evaluation of ecological functions and influencing factors under long-term typical vegetation restoration types in the Western Loess Plateau of Shanxi
摘要
Abstract
Vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau was a critical pathway for enhancing ecosystem service functions and constructing an ecological security barrier.Significant differences existed in ecological benefits between plantations and natural secondary forests,however,a systematic assessment of multidimensional ecological functions remained relatively insufficient,and identifying the advantages and suitability of different vegetation restoration types was urgently needed.To address this gap,this study focused on the ecological restoration needs of the western Loess Plateau.Field investigations were conducted during the peak growing seasons of July to August in 2020 and 2023,targeting four typical vegetation restoration types-Pinus tabuliformis Carr.,Platycladus orientalis,and Robinia pseudoacacia L.plantations,along with natural secondary forests.Ecological factors including soil physicochemical properties and vegetation attributes were measured to assess four ecosystem functions:water retention,carbon sequestration,nutrient conservation,and vegetation diversity.Soil quality index(SQI),Vegetation quality index(VQI),and Ecological quality index(EQI)were calculated using factor analysis and nonlinear functions to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of multidimensional ecological functions.The main results were as follows:(1)Natural secondary forests exhibited a pronounced soil structural advantage in the 0-100 cm profile,characterized by high porosity(total porosity:55.25％)and elevated organic matter content(9.15 g/kg).and significantly greater biomass in the shrub layer(16.44 t/hm2),herb layer biomass(8.03 t/hm2),and litter stock(2.24 t/hm2)were significantly better than those in plantation forests.(2)In terms of ecological functions,natural secondary forests showed superior performance in water conservation(304.12 mm),nutrient retention,and vegetation diversity compared with plantations.Nevertheless,plantations exhibited functional advantages in specific aspects;for example,Pinus tabuliformis Carr.plantations achieved the highest carbon sequestration in the tree layer(76.19 t/hm2).(3)Regarding the integrated evaluation indices,natural secondary forests outperformed plantations significantly,with an SQI of 3.37,a VQI of 1.23,and an EQI of 4.60,indicating their overall ecological superiority.(4)Mantel tests and Pearson correlation analyses revealed that SQI and EQI were primarily influenced by herb layer attributes,soil nutrient status,and soil compaction level.Collectively,these findings underscored that natural secondary forests represented the most advantageous vegetation restoration type for optimizing regional ecological functions.In contrast,plantation management should prioritize structural adjustment toward near-natural configurations,including the reconstruction of understory shrub and herb layers,to improve ecosystem stability and multifunctionality.This study provided a scientific basis for vegetation restoration strategies and policy development aimed at sustaining ecosystem services and promoting ecological security on the Loess Plateau.关键词
黄土高原/生态系统功能评价/土壤质量指数/植被质量指数/综合生态效益指数Key words
the Loess Plateau/ecological function evaluation/soil quality index/vegetation quality index/ecological quality index引用本文复制引用
秦靖怡,冯天骄,王平..晋西黄土区长期典型植被恢复类型生态功能评价及其影响因素[J].生态学报,2026,46(6):3026-3044,19.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(42371114) （42371114）
自然资源部矿山生态效应与系统修复重点实验室开放基金课题(MEER-2025-08) （MEER-2025-08）
黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室开放基金(F2010121002-202422) （F2010121002-202422）
