西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）2026，Vol.46Issue(2)：77-88,12.DOI:10.15896/j.xjtuskxb.202602007
大数据赋能流域水污染和海洋污染政府治理的法律实现
The Legal Realization of Big Data Empowering Government Governance of River Basin Water Pollution and Marine Pollution
摘要
Abstract
In the era of rapid development of data technology and its deep integration with the modernization of national governance,the use of big data to promote the coordinated governance of water pollution in river basins and marine pollution has become a key development trend in the construction of a digital ecological civilization.However,constrained by the path dependence of traditional government governance and the relatively lagging supply of institutional provisions,there is a lack of legislative constraints and norms,insufficient data sharing in law enforcement,and unregulated risk control in the government's governance of water and marine pollution in river basins,which restricts the legal realization effect. Based on the strategic orientation of digital ecological civilization construction,focusing on the legal realization needs of big data empowerment in the government's governance of water and marine pollution in river basins,and following the analytical framework of"theoretical innovation-paradigm reconstruction-problem attribution-institutional guarantee",we should promote the theoretical innovation of government governance from"holistic governance"to"holistic intelligent governance",and follow the basic framework of"technology+system"to achieve the transformation from decentralized governance to systematic coordination and from experience-based decision-making to data-driven governance,providing a new perspective for the application of government governance theory in the digital age.We should build a governance framework for water and marine pollution in river basins that covers the overall registration of pollution data,multi-level connection of data management nodes,and deployment and optimization of data evaluation systems.By laying out automatic monitoring networks,breaking through cross-departmental data nodes,and calibrating differentiated evaluation models,a practical model covering multiple subjects and spanning the entire process of government governance should be formed. The legal realization of big data empowerment in the government's governance of water and marine pollution in river basins requires the establishment of an institutional guarantee system that includes legislative improvement,decision-making optimization,and public participation.At the legislative level,the data rights and responsibilities of the government in the governance of water and marine pollution in river basins should be clearly defined,and a risk monitoring method for data opening should be formulated to improve the normative guarantee framework.At the decision-making level,based on the dynamic risk identification of the government's governance of water and marine pollution in river basins,the boundaries of data classification should be clarified to enhance the efficiency of government governance.At the co-governance level,the open-source management of data sharing for public participation in the government's governance of water and marine pollution in river basins should be optimized,and the ecological and environmental protection supervision should be transformed from traditional experience to data empowerment to form a governance pattern of multi-subject collaboration.This will enhance the legal realization value of big data empowerment in the government's governance of water and marine pollution in river basins and provide institutional basis and legal guarantee for the in-depth development and full implementation of digital ecological civilization construction in the field of water ecology.关键词
数字生态文明建设/生态环境法/流域水污染/海洋污染/政府治理/大数据/整体性智治Key words
digital ecological civilization construction/Environmental and Ecological Law/watershed water pollution/marine pollution/government governance/big data/holistic intelligent governance分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
刘志仁,王嘉奇..大数据赋能流域水污染和海洋污染政府治理的法律实现[J].西安交通大学学报（社会科学版）,2026,46(2):77-88,12.基金项目
国家社会科学基金重大项目(22&ZD107). （22&ZD107）
