中国饲料Issue(6)：7-11,5.DOI:10.15906/j.cnki.cn11-2975/s.20260602
导入南非美利奴基因对高山美利奴羊毛用及生长性状的影响
Effects of introducing south african merino genes on wool and growth traits of alpine merino sheep
摘要
Abstract
To investigate the technical feasibility of improving the growth performance of Alpine Merino sheep and developing a fine-wool meat-type line by introgressing South African Merino genes while maintaining the wool quality of fine-wool sheep,a crossbreeding experiment was conducted from November 2019 to July 2021.In the experiment,5 South African Merino rams were used as male parents and 100 healthy Alpine Merino ewes as female parents to establish the experimental group[South African Merino ♂×Alpine Merino ♀];meanwhile,100 ewes of each of the Alpine Merino large-sized strain(TD),ultra-fine strain(CX),and polled strain(WJ)were subjected to purebred breeding,serving as three control groups.The production performance of sheep in each group at different growth stages was measured,and the obtained data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)and multiple comparisons with SPSS 19.0 software.The results showed that the wool fineness of the F1 generation of South African Merino×Alpine Merino ranged from 20.27 to 21.50 μm,which still fell within the finer category of fine wool,effectively ensuring the wool quality.Regarding birth weight,the F1 male and female lambs increased by 0.70-0.75 kg compared with the ultra-fine strain(P<0.001);the body weight at 4 months of age increased by 3.04-3.14 kg compared with the ultra-fine strain(P<0.001)and 1.66 kg compared with the polled strain(P<0.05);the pre-weaning daily weight gain increased by 19.52-19.94 g/d compared with the ultra-fine strain(P<0.01);the yearling weight increased by 7.62-9.51 kg compared with the ultra-fine strain and 6.02-8.60 kg compared with the polled strain(P<0.01);the post-weaning daily weight gain increased by 18.23-36.36 g/d compared with all control groups(P<0.001),indicating extremely significant differences.The F1 generation exhibited significantly accelerated pre-weaning growth rate and faster growth and development compared with all Alpine Merino strains,achieving higher weaning weight and yearling weight within the same breeding cycle.Taking the sale of yearling sheep in 2021 as an example,each yearling F1 male and female generated at least 42.72 yuan more income per head than each of the Alpine Merino strains,with significant economic benefits.In conclusion,the introgression of South African Merino genes can significantly enhance the meat performance of Alpine Merino sheep while ensuring the compliance of their wool quality,thereby improving the economic benefits of breeders.This study provides a theoretical basis for the development of Alpine Merino meat-type lines and is suitable for popularization in grassland pastoral areas.关键词
基因导入/高山美利奴羊/羊毛性状/生长性状Key words
gene introduction/alpine merino sheep/wool traits/growth traits分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
赵浴君,张景烜,赵进韬..导入南非美利奴基因对高山美利奴羊毛用及生长性状的影响[J].中国饲料,2026,(6):7-11,5.基金项目
国家绒毛用羊产业技术体系(CARS-40-33) （CARS-40-33）
甘肃省青年人才(2026QNGR054)资助 （2026QNGR054）
