中山大学学报（医学科学版）2026，Vol.47Issue(2)：293-305,13.DOI:10.11714/jsysu.med.YX20260003
城乡老年人婚姻及居住状况与认知分域关联的差异性研究
Differences in the Association between Marital/Living Status and Cognitive Domains among Rural and Urban Older Adults
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To explore the association between marital/living status and cognitive domains(memory,language,visuospatial,executive,and attention domains)in older adults,and to examine the influencing factors underlying urban-rural differences.[Methods]Based on baseline data from the dynamic enrollment cohort(2016-2025)of the Hubei Memory and Aging Cohort Study,10 825 older adults aged 60 years and above who met the study criteria were included,comprising 3 788 rural residents and 7 037 urban residents.The cohort collected information on marital and living status via questionnaires.Cognitive domains were assessed using standardized neuropsychological tests,with scores converted to z-scores[(raw score-mean score of the domain in the study population)/standard deviation of the domain in the study population].Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the associations between marital/living status and cognitive domains,as well as global cognition.[Results]Rural older adults scored significantly lower than their urban counterparts in terms of socioeconomic status,healthy lifestyle indicators,and multiple cognitive domains(all P＜0.001).Living away from family was significantly associated with lower scores across cognitive domains[memory:b=-0.217,95%CI(-0.276,-0.159);attention:b=-0.213,95%CI(-0.262,-0.163),all P＜0.001],with this association being stronger and involving a broader range of cognitive domains in the urban sample.Moreover,compared to married and living with family,married but living away from family was associated with poorer cognitive performance,an effect that was more pronounced in the urban sample[memory:b=-0.521,95%CI(-0.621,-0.422);attention:b=-0.443,95%CI(-0.533,-0.354),all P＜0.001].[Conclusion]Unmarried status and living away from family were each significantly associated with poorer performance in cognitive domains among older adults.The combined status of being married but living away from family was also associated with poorer cognitive performance,with these associations being more pronounced among urban-dwelling older adults.关键词
社区老年人/婚姻状况/居住状况/认知分域/城乡差异Key words
community-dwelling older adults/marital status/living status/cognitive domains/urban-rural differences分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
彭媛媛,曾燕,黄招兰..城乡老年人婚姻及居住状况与认知分域关联的差异性研究[J].中山大学学报（医学科学版）,2026,47(2):293-305,13.基金项目
脑科学与类脑研究国家科技重大专项(2022ZD0211600) （2022ZD0211600）
武汉市卫健委科研项目资助项目(WX23B01) （WX23B01）
