采矿与岩层控制工程学报2026，Vol.8Issue(2)：201-214,14.DOI:10.13532/j.jmsce.cn10-1638/td.2025-1330
裂隙演化视角下厚硬岩层破断主导超大采高采场覆岩垮落运移机制
Influence mechanism of thick hard strata breakage on overburden collapse and movement in ultra-large mining height faces
摘要
Abstract
To address the inadequate understanding of the fracturing behavior of thick-hard strata and the collapse-movement mechanism of overlying strata in 10 m ultra-large mining height faces of extra-thick coal seams,this study took the 122104 working face of Caojiatan Coal Mine as the engineering background.A combined approach involving physical similarity simulation,image processing with statistical analysis,and field monitoring was adopted to investigate the dominant role of thick-hard strata breakage in the overburden collapse and movement process.The engineering applicability and consistency of the model results were verified with field measurements.(1)An automatic fracture extraction and multi-index quantification method based on multi-temporal overburden images was proposed,enabling efficient quantification of parameters such as fracture development height,coverage area,and total length.The results show that the fracture parameters exhibit a pronounced"step-like"jump evolution with face advance,where each abrupt change strictly corresponds to the breakage sequence of specific thick-hard strata(Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ).This quantitatively reveals,from the perspective of fracture evolution,the controlling effect of thick-hard strata breakage on overburden movement.(2)The breakage mechanism of thick-hard strata is characterized as a"cantilever beam-coordinated collapse"process.Before breakage,thick-hard strata form a large-span cantilever beam structure that constrains overburden collapse;when the cantilever reaches its limit,sudden breakage occurs,triggering large-scale coordinated collapse of the overburden,demonstrating typical structural failure characteristics.(3)Field monitoring data,including layered subsidence,mine pressure,and microseismicity,provide effective mutual validation with the model experiments.The coordinated movement mode of strata revealed by the layered subsidence curves aligns well with the"step-like"propagation pattern of fractures observed in the model;mine pressure monitoring indicates that the breakage of thick-hard strata Ⅱ and Ⅲ directly induces intense periodic weighting;microseismic monitoring further confirms that the periodic breakage of thick-hard strata constitutes the main source of concentrated energy release in the overburden.These results jointly verify,in terms of spatial evolution and energy release,the field applicability of the mechanism by which thick-hard strata breakage dominates overburden movement.From the perspective of fracture evolution,this study systematically elucidates the mechanism of thick-hard strata breakage-dominated overburden collapse and movement under ultra-large mining height conditions,providing a quantitative theoretical basis for improving overburden movement theory and preventing roof disasters in 10 m ultra-large mining height faces.关键词
厚硬岩层/超大采高/采动裂隙演化/图像处理/定量表征/覆岩垮落运移Key words
thick-hard strata/ultra-large mining height/mining-induced fracture evolution/image processing/quantitative characterization/overburden collapse and movement分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
乐飞翔,席朝东,张震,李建忠,卢志国,杨锦鸿,原贵阳,李鹏杰,娄金福..裂隙演化视角下厚硬岩层破断主导超大采高采场覆岩垮落运移机制[J].采矿与岩层控制工程学报,2026,8(2):201-214,14.基金项目
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2023YFC2907502) （2023YFC2907502）
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52274123,52474102) （52274123,52474102）
中煤科工开采研究院有限公司科技创新基金资助项目(KCYJY-2023-MS-01) （KCYJY-2023-MS-01）
