广东农业科学2026，Vol.53Issue(2)：1-22,22.DOI:10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2026.02.001
低烟碱烟草研究进展:代谢基础、遗传调控与生产技术
Advances in Low-Nicotine Tobacco:Metabolic Foundations,Genetic Regulation,and Production Techniques
摘要
Abstract
Tobacco has important economic value and strong potential for synthetic biology applications.With its large biomass and active secondary metabolism,it serves not only as a raw material for the traditional cigarette industry but also as an ideal candidate for the development of plant bioreactors.However,nicotine,the primary alkaloid,provides flavor and addictiveness but also poses industrial challenges.Over the past three decades,global harm-reduction policies have pushed the industry to lower nicotine levels to protect public health,prompting a critical transformation.High nicotine content also limits tobacco's use as a chassis in biomanufacturing,creating demand for low-or zero-nicotine materials.Developing low-nicotine tobacco is now a priority.This review summarizes recent advances in low-nicotine tobacco research,including progress in nicotine biosynthesis,degradation,and transport,and describes the regulatory network of nicotine metabolism from three perspectives:genetic regulation(core transcription factors from NIC1/NIC2 loci),phytohormone signaling(crosstalk among jasmonic acid,ethylene,and auxin),and environmental responses(light,temperature,water,and nitrogen).It also reviews production technologies for low-nicotine tobacco,such as traditional breeding,genetic engineering,agronomic practices,chemical regulation,and microbial degradation.Technical challenges and future directions are discussed,including network analysis and precision breeding with multi-omics,the development of synthetic biology technology,and the exploration of industrialization strategies.This review provides a system reference for the genetic improvement and industrial application of low-nicotine tobacco.关键词
低烟碱烟草/烟碱代谢/遗传调控/降低烟碱策略/生物制造Key words
low-nicotine tobacco/nicotine metabolism/genetic regulation/nicotine reduction strategies/biomanufacturing分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王金亮,刘志强,丁蓬勃,刘阳,赵福彬,邰振益,赵忠利,王启业,田田..低烟碱烟草研究进展:代谢基础、遗传调控与生产技术[J].广东农业科学,2026,53(2):1-22,22.基金项目
山东青岛烟草有限公司科技项目(2023370200240151) （2023370200240151）
