广东农业科学2026，Vol.53Issue(2)：136-147,12.DOI:10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2026.02.011
香根草等中草药对香蕉枯萎病的抑菌活性评价
Evaluation of the Antifungal Activity of Chinese Herbal Medicines such as Vetiveria zizanioides against Fusarium Wilt of Banana
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of different Chinese herbal medicines on Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense tropical race 4(Foc TR4)and the biocontrol efficacy of herbal substrate,so as to screen efficient and safe botanical pesticides.[Method]Six Chinese herbal medicines including Vetiveria zizaniodes were selected,and the inhibitory effects of their aqueous extracts against Foc TR4 were determined by the growth rate method.The ethanol extract of V.zizaniodes was further used to examine its inhibitory effect on spore germination and its impact on mycelial morphology of Foc TR4.Pot experiments were conducted to verify the biocontrol efficacy of V.zizaniodes substrate against Foc TR4 under natural conditions.[Result]Significant differences in antifungal activity against Foc TR4 were observed among different herbal aqueous extracts.The aqueous extract of V.zizaniodes at a concentration of 50 g/L exhibited the strongest inhibition,with an inhibition rate of 36.73%,showing no significant difference from the positive control(white tea extract).The inhibitory effect of the ethanol extract of V.zizaniodes increased with concentration.At a final concentration of 2.000 mg/mL,the inhibition rate reached 45.80%,and the spore germination inhibition rate was 45.69%.Microscopic observation revealed that the mycelia of Foc TR4 treated with the ethanol extract of V.zizaniodes became uneven in thickness,with increased surface wrinkles and localized swelling,indicating a significant disruptive effect on mycelial structure.In pot experiments,the disease index of the treatment group inoculated with Foc TR4 and supplemented with V.zizaniodes substrate was 1.1,which was significantly lower than that of the control group inoculated with Foc TR4 alone(2.0,P ﹤ 0.05),indicating that the addition of V.zizaniodes substrate effectively suppressed the development of Fusarium wilt of banana.[Conclusion]The extract of V.zizaniodes exhibits significant antifungal activity against Foc TR4 and possesses promising biocontrol potential,which can alleviate the damage caused by Fusarium wilt of banana.This study provides a theoretical basis and material foundation for the development of novel botanical pesticides.关键词
香蕉/香蕉枯萎病/尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型/抑菌活性/香根草/生物防治Key words
banana/Fusarium wilt of banana/Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense/antifungal activity/Vetiveria zizaniodes/biological control分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
梁峻峰,初元琦,项丹丹,余文华,杨晓芳,陈文娟,黄慧楠,李春雨..香根草等中草药对香蕉枯萎病的抑菌活性评价[J].广东农业科学,2026,53(2):136-147,12.基金项目
广东省自然科学基金(2023A1515012941) （2023A1515012941）
