口腔疾病防治2026，Vol.34Issue(4)：315-327,13.DOI:10.12016/j.issn.2096-1456.202660036
骨片技术在牙槽骨增量中的生物机理及临床应用
The biological mechanism and clinical application of bone shell technique in alveolar bone augmentation
摘要
Abstract
A portion of patients undergoing implant restoration require bone augmentation procedures to ensure that there is sufficient bone volume around the implant.For the patients with horizontal bone ridge defects at edentulous sites,with or without mild to moderate vertical bone defects,the shell technique serves as a reliable and minimally inva-sive bone augmentation method with effective space maintenance.The shell technique involves fixating 1 mm cortical bone blocks to the recipient site,using retention screws and filling the gap between the bone block and recipient bed with particulate bone substitute materials,and covering the barrier membrane to achieve bone augmentation.The overly-ing tension-free soft tissue closure seals the surgical site while local peripheral blood releases osteoclasts and cytokines that gradually degrade the bone block.The rigid fixation of the bone block ensures a stable internal environment for os-teogenesis and a new bone regeneration cycle.Although this technique demonstrates favorable bone augmentation out-comes,it is highly technique-sensitive.There are certain differences in the application scenarios and osteogenic pro-cesses for autologous and allogeneic bone shells.The selection of bone blocks and particulate bone substitute materials significantly influences the osteogenic biological process and the predictability of bone augmentation results.Complica-tions associated with the shell technique possess distinct characteristics,such as the immunogenicity of allogeneic bone fragments,soft tissue cracking,and bone fragment loosening.Their prevention and subsequent management substan-tially impact the success rate of osteogenesis.This article delves into the biological mechanisms of osteogenesis in the bone block technique,summarizing the indications,clinical outcomes,classification of bone blocks,and surgical work-flow management,as well as complication prevention and management,aiming to provide a reference for the future ap-plication and development of the bone shell technique.关键词
牙种植位点/牙槽骨缺损/骨片技术/引导骨组织再生/牙槽骨增量/自体骨/同种异体骨/骨替代材料/屏障膜Key words
dental implant site/alveolar bone defect/bone shell technique/guided bone regeneration/incre-ment of alveolar bone/autologous bone/allogeneic bone/bone substitute materials/barrier membrane分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
陈泽涛,高筱萌,欧阳昭广,敖勇,郭心瑜..骨片技术在牙槽骨增量中的生物机理及临床应用[J].口腔疾病防治,2026,34(4):315-327,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(82571155) （82571155）
广州市基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2024A04J6323) This study was supported by the grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82571155)and the Guangzhou Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2024A04J6323). （2024A04J6323）
