中国妇幼健康研究2026，Vol.37Issue(4)：42-47,6.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5293.2026.04.006
早期喂养方式对早产儿1岁时智能发育的影响分析
Analysis of impact of early feeding patterns on intellectual development of premature infants at one year of age
摘要
Abstract
Objective To explore impact of early feeding patterns on intellectual development of premature infants,and provide reference for effective guidance to premature infant feeding.Methods In retrospective cohort study method,114 premature infants who were followed up at High-risk Infant Clinic of Hefei Women and Children's Health Center from June 2023 to March 2024 were selected as research subjects.Longitudinal follow-up was conducted on feeding methods of premature infants within 6 months of age and their intellectual development status at 1 year of age.Gesell Developmental Schedules(GDS)was used to evaluate intellectual level of the premature infants.Results In scores in five domains as adaptability,gross motor,fine motor,language and personal-social behavior at the age of 1 year,there were statistically significant differences among the premature infants with different feeding patterns at 6 months of age(F=4.404-10.196,all P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that compared with artificial feeding,premature infants who were breastfed in the early stage had higher scores in fine motor(β=3.79,95%CI:0.76-6.82)and personal-social behavior(β=4.61,95%CI:1.77-7.45),while the premature infants who received mixed feeding in the early stage had higher scores in adaptive behavior(β=4.96,95%CI:1.55-8.38),gross motor(β=5.29,95%CI:0.02-10.55),fine motor(β=5.38,95%CI:0.79-9.97),language(β=4.28,95%CI:0.57-8.00)and personal-social behavior(β=6.98,95%CI:2.88-11.07).Conclusion Breastfeeding and mixed feeding in early life can promote intellectual development of premature infants at the age of one year.It is necessary to strengthen breastfeeding education to improve breastfeeding rate after discharge.关键词
早产儿/喂养方式/智能发育/纵向研究Key words
preterm infant/feeding pattern/intellectual development/longitudinal study分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
胡周明,李培培,黄晓曼,金岚,高明娟,葛洁,朱鹏,孙瑜..早期喂养方式对早产儿1岁时智能发育的影响分析[J].中国妇幼健康研究,2026,37(4):42-47,6.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(82373580) （82373580）
中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心2020年度母婴营养与健康研究项目(2020FYH002) （2020FYH002）
