海洋科学2025，Vol.49Issue(10)：90-98,9.DOI:10.11759/hykx20250810001
基于生命周期评价的水产养殖环境影响效应评估研究现状及展望
Progress and prospects of life cycle assessment for the envi-ronmental impact of aquaculture
摘要
Abstract
The continuous growth of the global population and the increasing demand for protein have driven the aquaculture industry in recent decades.According to statistics from the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,global aquaculture production surpassed that of wild capture fisheries in 2022.Various aquaculture models,including land-and sea-based systems,have developed rapidly domestically and internationally.However,these models also face numerous challenges,such as excessive resource consumption and eutrophication of aquatic environments.Despite this,scientists and the public currently have a limited understanding of the environmental impacts associated with different aquaculture models.Life cycle assessment(LCA),an internationally standardized environmental management tool,is commonly used to evaluate the environmental burdens generated by products,processes,or activities throughout all stages of production and life cycle.Beginning in 2004,LCA has provided a scientific methodology for comprehensively assessing the environmental impacts of aquaculture.This paper reviews the application framework and current research status of LCA in aquaculture,focusing on three core aspects:goal and scope definition,inventory analysis,and environmental impact assessment and improvement.It highlights cur-rent challenges in LCA application in aquaculture,including difficulties in data acquisition,inconsistencies in sys-tem boundaries and methodologies,and the absence of socioeconomic dimensions.Future efforts should strengthen technologies for environmental data monitoring and collection,establish standardized guidelines and specialized LCA inventory databases for aquaculture,and conduct multidimensional,comprehensive evaluations to accurately assess the environmental impacts of aquaculture activities.This paper will provide foundational data for advancing the sustainable development of the aquaculture industry.关键词
生命周期评价/水产养殖/环境影响/影响改进/可持续发展Key words
life cycle assessment/aquaculture/environmental impact/impact improvement/sustainable development分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
余金英,孙跃,吴富村,张翔宇,李贤..基于生命周期评价的水产养殖环境影响效应评估研究现状及展望[J].海洋科学,2025,49(10):90-98,9.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2401204) （2022YFD2401204）
山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)项目(2023CXGC010410) National Key Research and Development Program Project,No.2022YFD2401204 （重大科技创新工程）
Key Research and Development Program(Major Science and Technology Innovation Project)of Shandong Province,No.2023CXGC010410 （Major Science and Technology Innovation Project）
