临床误诊误治2026，Vol.39Issue(8)：80-85,6.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-3429.2026.08.014
呼和浩特市中小学生注意缺陷多动障碍流行病学调查
An epidemiological survey of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among primary and secondary school students in Hohhot
摘要
Abstract
Objective To investigate the epidemiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)in primary and secondary school students in Hohhot,and to provide clinical basis for diagnosis and treatment of the disease.Methods In total,9000 primary and secondary school students from 36 primary and secondary schools in Hohhot were randomly selected using cluster random sampling.General data questionnaire and Chinese version of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder SNAP-Ⅳ Rating Scale(SNAP-Ⅳ)were used to conduct a survey.The related factors of ADHD in primary and secondary school students were evaluated by multivariate logistic regression.Results In this study,a total of 325 patients with ADHD were finally diagnosed among 9,000 primary and secondary school students,with an ADHD incidence rate of 3.61％.Among these,the predominantly attention-deficit type accounted for 43.69％,the predominantly hyperactive-impulsive type accounted for 23.08％,and the combined type accounted for 33.23％.Univariate analysis showed that gender,age,parental education level,monthly household income,maternal illness during pregnancy,maternal smoking during pregnancy,intrauterine growth retardation,preterm birth,relationship with parents,learning difficulties,parental mental disorders,parental emotional stability,relationship with classmates,parental attitudes toward current problems,and difficulty waking up in the morning were all factors influencing the occurrence of ADHD among primary and secondary school students in Hohhot(P＜0.01).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that male(OR=2.423,95％CI:1.593,3.686),age＜10 years(OR=1.900,95％CI:1.439,2.510),parental education level ofhigh school or below(OR=2.707,95％CI:1.715,4.275),maternal illness during pregnancy(OR=3.904,95％CI:2.077,7.338),maternal smoking during pregnancy(OR=3.271,95％CI:1.875,5.707),parental mental disorders(OR=2.784,95％CI:1.733,4.474),parental emotional instability(OR=2.190,95％CI:1.626,2.950),and difficulty waking up in the morning(OR=3.804,95％CI:2.068,6.998)were all factors influencing the occurrence of ADHD among primary and secondary school students(P＜0.01).Conclusion The incidence of ADHD in primary and secondary school students in Hohhot is not high,but it is related to many factors.Therefore,ADHD of primary and secondary school students still warrant attention,and we can formulate targeted intervention measures according to its influencing factors to reduce the risk of children's ADHD,and thus optimize the healthy development of children.关键词
注意缺陷多动障碍/儿童/流行病学/影响因素/年龄/精神障碍/晨起困难Key words
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder/children/epidemiology/influencing factors/age/mental disorders/difficulty waking up in the morning引用本文复制引用
李天霞,付俊鲜,杨光路,苏秦,多红英,傅卓..呼和浩特市中小学生注意缺陷多动障碍流行病学调查[J].临床误诊误治,2026,39(8):80-85,6.基金项目
内蒙古自治区科技厅项目(2020GG0139) （2020GG0139）
内蒙古医科大学面上项目(YKD2022MS071) （YKD2022MS071）
