地球与行星物理论评（中英文）2026，Vol.57Issue(5)：584-594,11.DOI:10.19975/j.dqyxx.2025-033
高数据质量高精度毫米级重复频率5 kHz卫星激光测距
High-data-quality,high-precision and millimeter-level of Satellite Laser Ranging at the repetition rate of 5 kHz Satellite Laser Ranging
摘要
Abstract
High-precision and high-stability measurement is an essential approach for situational awareness of space targets,such as high-precision orbit determination,attitude determination,etc.Satellite Laser Ranging(SLR)technology has been developed for more than 60 years,and its accuracy and stability have been continuously im-proving,the laser pulse width and the jitter of single-photon detectors in the SLR systems are important factors limiting the improvement of ranging accuracy.In this study,a high-stability industrial-grade 532 nm picosecond laser and a high-quantum efficiency MPD single-photon detector(SPAD)are used in the SLR system of the Shang-hai Astronomical Observatory.The pulse width of the laser is～15 ps;the jitter of SPAD is less than 35 ps and the quantum efficiency is about 50%,a matched aspheric len is applied for the SPAD.The measurement accuracy of ground targets is improved from 6-8 mm to 2-3 mm,and the satellite measurement accuracy is enhanced from the optimal 6-10 mm to 2-4 mm,meeting the 24-hour measurement requirements of low-orbit,high-orbit,and geosyn-chronous orbit satellites.Specifically,the measurement accuracy of the beidou compassg8 satellite in the geosyn-chronous orbit(36 000 km)reaches 1.9 mm,which shows significant improvements in system ranging accuracy and long-term operational stability.Continuous day-and-night routine SLR observations are carried out at a repetition rate of 5 kHz,and the data are sent to the International Laser Ranging Service(ILRS).Based on the one-year mea-surement data from July 2024 to June 2025,the annual average ranging accuracy of ground targets reaches 2.4 mm;the normal point accuracy of the lageos satellite reaches 0.9 mm;the short-term stability of orbit evaluation data for the lageos satellite is 5.8 mm;and the long-term stability is 2.1 mm.These results indicate that the quality of SLR ranging data has been improved,ranking among the top in international SLR stations and achieving the best level among domestic SLR systems.Thus it provides an effective approach for high-precision measurement of space tar-gets.关键词
卫星激光测距/皮秒激光/单光子探测/测距精度/重复频率Key words
Satellite Laser Ranging/picosecond laser/single-photon detection/ranging accuracy/repetition rate分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
龙明亮,张忠萍,张海峰,吴志波,黄祝龙,邓华荣,秦思,黄玉涛,周芳腾,张国新..高数据质量高精度毫米级重复频率5 kHz卫星激光测距[J].地球与行星物理论评（中英文）,2026,57(5):584-594,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(12373085,12003056) （12373085,12003056）
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项资助(XDA0350000) （XDA0350000）
国家重点研发计划(2024YFB3613605) Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12373085,12003056),the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA0350000),and the National Key Research and Development Pro-gram of China(Grant No.2024YFB3613605) （2024YFB3613605）
