水生态学杂志2026，Vol.47Issue(3)：1-13,13.DOI:10.15928/j.1674-3075.202404220153
中国淡水环境中微塑料的空间异质性及其影响因素分析
Spatial Heterogeneity and Influencing Factors of Microplastics in the Freshwater Environment of China
摘要
Abstract
In this study,we systematically reviewed the abundance,characteristics,and sources of micro-plastic pollution in the freshwater environment of China.The study was based on relevant literature using the keywords"China,""microplastic,""river,""lake,""reservoir,"and"estuary"in two major English search engines(Web of Science and ScienceDirect)and from the China National Knowledge Infrastruc-ture(CNKI)database.A total of 191 articles met the screening criteria,encompassing four major freshwa-ter environments:rivers,lakes,reservoirs and estuaries.Studies included both surface water and sediment and were primarily concentrated in the Yangtze,Pearl,and Yellow River basins.Results show that micro-plastic pollution is widespread in the freshwater environment of China and there is significant spatial het-erogeneity in abundance.The maximum and minimum values of microplastic abundance in surface waters differed by 6 orders of magnitude and by 3 orders in sediments.Overall,the distribution was character-ized by high levels in the eastern coastal areas and low levels in the central regions,and the microplastic content in rivers and estuaries was usually higher than that in lakes and reservoirs.The characteristics of microplastics in different river basins were relatively consistent:the primary polymer types were polypro-pylene(PP)and polyethylene(PE);the primary shapes were fibers and fragments;the colors were trans-parent,white,black and other;and there are certain differences by region.The presence of microplastics is closely related to human activities and surface water type,and there is significant seasonal variation.Further,inconsistencies in sample collection,experimental methods,and classification methods make it difficult to compare different assessments of microplastic pollution.In the future,it will be necessary to expand the scope of microplastic pollution surveys,strengthen long-term longitudinal monitoring,study the sources,movement and sinks of microplastics,enhance detection capabilities,and develop standard-ized methods for collecting and classifying microplastics.关键词
微塑料/来源/污染特征/淡水环境/流域Key words
microplastics/source/pollutant characteristics/freshwater environment/watersheds分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
吴宇鹏,梅琨,时浩南,唐若琪,陶婧熙,陈甜甜..中国淡水环境中微塑料的空间异质性及其影响因素分析[J].水生态学杂志,2026,47(3):1-13,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(41807495) （41807495）
苏州科技大学人才启动项目(332114806) （332114806）
江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(SJCX24_1912). （SJCX24_1912）
