生态学报2026，Vol.46Issue(8)：3873-3887,15.DOI:10.20103/j.stxb.202506151511
生态水涵养系统概念、要素构成与作用机制
Concept,elements composition and action mechanism of ecological water conservation system
摘要
Abstract
Vegetation development profoundly reshapes regional eco-geological environments and regulates the water cycle processes within ecosystems,serving as a critical entry point for studying the co-evolution of eco-hydro-geological coupled systems under the dual stresses of climate change and human activities.Based on hydrological process investigations in the Qinling Mountain ecosystem,this paper proposes the concept of the"Ecological Water Conservation System(EWCS)"to characterize a novel mode of mutual feedback between the hydrological cycle and eco-environmental elements.By elucidating the scientific connotation,constituent elements,structural characteristics,coupled driving mechanisms,and distinctions from related concepts,a comprehensive and unique theoretical framework for EWCS was constructed.The core understandings included:(1)EWCS was a zone of intense interaction between the hydrological cycle and biological communities,mediated by vegetation and regulated by the interplay of multiple elements such as water,rock,and soil.(2)EWCS performed sustainable ecological water conservation functions across short to long timescales through the synergistic action of water supply entities,geological carriers,and biological regulators.(3)The spatial extent of EWCS spanned from the atmosphere-forest canopy interface as its upper boundary to the bedrock fracture zone anchored by deep plant roots as its lower boundary,manifesting the differentiation processes of biological activity,hydrological response,and geological shaping.(4)EWCS functionality was constrained by five-dimensional factors of climatic conditions,hydrological processes,geological substrates,vegetation characteristics,and human activities,exhibiting synergistic regulation of material and energy cycles driven by multi-factor coupling.(5)As a water transformation and conservation system underpinning mountain ecosystem resilience,EWCS focused its research on the response and feedback mechanisms of the hydrological cycle and eco-geological environment to biological community development,distinguishing it significantly from related academic concepts in adjacent fields.The proposal of EWCS provides novel research directions for scientifically revealing the"Five Water"cycle processes and the water-mediated mutual feedback mechanisms among the"Five Entities",which hold significant practical implications.关键词
生态水涵养系统/要素构成/空间范围/作用机制/五水转化Key words
ecological water conservation system/element composition/spatial range/operational mechanisms/five-water transformation processes引用本文复制引用
徐盼盼,段丰浩,高燕燕,宁奕冰,彭建兵,臧永琪,王灵博,钱会,申艳军,穆青翼,姚莹莹,张奇莹..生态水涵养系统概念、要素构成与作用机制[J].生态学报,2026,46(8):3873-3887,15.基金项目
国家自然科学基金专项项目(42341101,42341102) （42341101,42341102）
长安大学陕西省"双一流"建设专项资金项目(300111250025) （300111250025）
中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(300102265501) （300102265501）
