现代妇产科进展2026，Vol.35Issue(4)：260-266,7.DOI:10.13283/j.cnki.xdfckjz.2026.04.004
妇科医师对外阴疾病认知的短板与教育提升需求分析——基于一项横断面调查
Knowledge gaps and educational needs regarding vulvar diseases among gynecologists:a cross-sectional survey
摘要
Abstract
Objective:To investigate the knowledge,clinical confidence,and education-al needs regarding vulvar diseases among Chinese gynecologists,providing evidence for optimi-zing specialized training.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted from October to De-cember 2025 via an online platform among residents(standardized training),fellows(specialty training),visiting physicians,and staff physicians at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University.The questionnaire consisted of three sections:general information(9 items),basic knowledge of vulvar diseases(11 items),and self-perceived cognition and willingness to improve(9 items).Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis.Result:A total of 156 val-id questionnaires were collected(response rate 78.0%).Respondents included residents(31 cases,19.9%),visiting physicians from 19 provinces(67 cases,42.9%),and staff physicians(58 cases,37.2%).Professional titles were distributed as senior(37 cases,23.7%),interme-diate(81 cases,51.9%),and junior(38 cases,24.4%).Knowledge was poorest for vulvar li-chen sclerosus(VLS)and differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia(dVIN).Only 16.0%correctly identified clinical features of VLS,with no increase by title.Although 80.7%recog-nized dVIN as precancerous,only 44.2%understood the principle that it must be surgically ex-cised and cannot be treated with physical modalities.Only 34.6%knew dVIN as the type most associated with vulvar cancer progression.Knowledge of diagnostic criteria for vulvodynia was moderate(57.6%),while features of lichen simplex chronicus(78.2%)and need for lifelong VLS management(81.4%)were better known.Diagnostic accuracy was highest for bacterial vaginosis(90.3%)and trichomonal vaginitis(81.4%).Overall,only 37.2%felt confident managing vulvar diseases,with confidence increasing by title.Satisfaction with current vulvar disease education was low,but willingness to improve was high.Only 6.4%had learned in vul-var disease clinics,whereas 88.7%desired clinical practice learning,84.6%preferred online video courses,61.5%workshops,57.7%books/literature,55.1%small-group lectures,and 54.5%offline courses.Conclusions:Chinese gynecologists demonstrate significant knowledge gaps in vulvar diseases,particularly VLS and dVIN diagnosis and management principles,hin-dering early vulvar cancer prevention.A strong demand exists for systematic training in vulvar diseases during residency,fellowship,and continuing medical education.关键词
外阴疾病/外阴硬化性苔藓/外阴分化型上皮内瘤变/外阴癌/妇科医师/医学教育Key words
Vulvar diseases/Lichen Sclerosus et Atrophicus(VLS)/Differentiated in-traepithelial neoplasia(dVIN)/Vulvar neoplasms/Gynecologists/Education,medical分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
张祺,张菲菲,孙一鑫,沈晓雯,刘甜,李一冰,丛青..妇科医师对外阴疾病认知的短板与教育提升需求分析——基于一项横断面调查[J].现代妇产科进展,2026,35(4):260-266,7.基金项目
上海市卫生健康委员会智慧医疗项目(No:2025ZHYL006) （No:2025ZHYL006）
上海市卫生健康委员会医学新技术研究与转化种子项目(No:2025ZZ2007) （No:2025ZZ2007）
国家自然科学基金面上项目(No:82573189) （No:82573189）
国家重点研发项目(No:2025YFC2708403) （No:2025YFC2708403）
