新疆农业科学2026，Vol.63Issue(1)：216-231,16.DOI:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2026.01.020
新疆褐牛牛皮复合酶解脱毛工艺优化及其对品质的影响
Optimization of the composite enzymatic unhairing process of Xinjiang Brown cowhide and its effect on quality
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]In order to reduce the loss of collagen caused by enzymatic unhairing in the pretreatment of cowhide edible processing,the protease-glycosidase composite enzymatic unhairing was carried out,and the best unhairing process and edible quality change were discussed.[Methods]The content of soluble protein,glycosaminoglycans(GAGs),collagen and depilation rate in the enzymatic hydrolysate were determined as evaluation indexes.The enzyme activity ratio,enzymatic hydrolysis temperature,enzymatic hydrolysis pH,enzyme concentration and enzymatic hydrolysis time were set for single factor experiment.The response surface optimization experiment was carried out on the significant factors,and the changes of edible quality were evaluated by shear force,color difference and texture parameters.[Results]The optimum condition was as follows:(xylanase:neutral protease)enzyme activity ratio 7:3,enzymatic hydrolysis temperature 50 ℃,enzymatic hydrolysis pH 7.0,enzymatic hydrolysis concentration 800 U/mL,enzymatic hydrolysis time 4 h,the comprehensive score reached 89.674％±0.477％;compared with the neutral protease treatment,the content of collagen in the enzymatic hydrolysate was significantly reduced by about 68.78％(P＜0.01).Scanning electron microscopy and HE staining showed that there were holes in the hair follicles after enzymatic hydrolysis.With the increase of brightness value,hardness,adhesiveness and chewiness decreased significantly(P＜0.05),elasticity increased,and shear force decreased by about 35.2％.[Conclusion]The composite enzymatic method has a thorough degree of hair removal and low loss of collagen components,which can effectively improve the color,tenderness,and some texture of cowhide,providing reference for the development and utilization of brown cowhide series products.关键词
牛皮/酶解脱毛/糖苷酶/蛋白酶/剪切力/质构Key words
cowhide/enzymatic unhairing/glycosidase/protease/shearing force/texture分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李鹏飞,袁淼龙,叶筱菁,曹博,巴吐尔·阿不力克木,帕尔哈提·柔孜..新疆褐牛牛皮复合酶解脱毛工艺优化及其对品质的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2026,63(1):216-231,16.基金项目
新疆维吾尔自治区"天山英才"培养计划—"三农"骨干人才培养项目(2024SNGGGCC015) （2024SNGGGCC015）
新疆维吾尔自治区"三区人才"项目(2223SQRC) （2223SQRC）
新疆福润德农业投资有限公司牛羊肉及副产物精深加工关键技术研究与产品开发(2023年横向项目) （2023年横向项目）
新疆农业大学2024年度大学生创业训练计划项目(dxscy2024068) Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region"Tianshan Talents"Training Program-"Three Rural"Backbone Talent Training Project(2024SNGGCC015) （dxscy2024068）
"Three District Talents"Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2223SQRC) （2223SQRC）
Key technology research and product development of deep processing of bovine,sheep meat and by-products in Friend Agricultural Investment Company Limited.(horizontal project in 2023) （horizontal project in 2023）
The graduate enterprise programme in Xinjiang Agricultural University(dxscy2024068) （dxscy2024068）
