中国电机工程学报2026，Vol.46Issue(7)：2762-2778,中插12,18.DOI:10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.242432
节点边际电价机制的经济学性质归纳与局限性分析
Economic Properties and Limitations Analysis of Locational Marginal Pricing Mechanism
摘要
Abstract
The locational marginal pricing(LMP)scheme is a commonly used pricing scheme in domestic and international electricity spot markets.Existing research has discussed certain economic properties of LMP under specific market-clearing models.However,current studies lack a thorough analysis of the conditions under which LMP ensures properties including interpretability,competitive equilibrium,cost recovery,and revenue adequacy.The limitations of LMP require systematic demonstration.When LMP fails to guarantee properties in actual market clearing problems,it may lead to significant lost opportunity costs or cost recovery shortfalls,which is detrimental to the stability of market operations.Therefore,this paper comprehensively analyzes the economic properties and limitations of LMP.Firstly,it summarizes the economic properties an ideal pricing scheme should satisfy,delineating the property requirements.Then,based on a market clearing problem that considers multiple types of market participants,including thermal and hydroelectric units,this paper derives the price formulation,systematically organizes the conditions under which LMP guarantees these properties and proves them.It clarifies the mechanism by which LMP can satisfy economic properties under specific market-clearing models or the reasons for potential property impairments.Finally,this paper constructs simple and illustrative cases that demonstrate the impairments of the economic properties of LMP under actual market clearing conditions,such as the optimality limitation of the dispatch solutions,the non-convexity of thermal units,the upstream and downstream coupling of hydroelectric units,and restrictions on planned electricity,thereby substantiating the limitations of the LMP scheme in practical applications.关键词
节点边际电价/电力现货市场/竞争均衡/成本回收/收入充足Key words
locational marginal price/electricity spot market/competitive equilibrium/cost recovery/revenue adequacy分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
王怡,杨知方..节点边际电价机制的经济学性质归纳与局限性分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2026,46(7):2762-2778,中插12,18.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(面上项目)(52177072) （面上项目）
中国科协青年人才托举工程项目(2023QNRC001).Project Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(General Program)(52177072) （2023QNRC001）
Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(2023QNRC001). （2023QNRC001）
