中国医学伦理学2026，Vol.39Issue(4)：492-498,7.DOI:10.12026/j.issn.1001-8565.2026.04.11
生命衡量标准的迷思:电车难题下生命内在价值与自主权
The myth of life measurement criteria:intrinsic value and autonomy of life in the trolley problem
冯伟婷 1王宁2
作者信息
- 1. 中国人民大学国际关系学院,北京 100872
- 2. 中国政法大学政治与公共管理学院,北京 100088
- 折叠
摘要
Abstract
The trolley problem,as one of the pivotal thought experiments of life measurement,has been fraught with considerable controversy over its evaluative criteria.Currently,neither monistic nor pluralistic criteria for measuring the value of life adequately respect the trolley drivers and passengers caught in this moral dilemma.However,Ronald Dworkin proposed a dual measurement criterion that embraces the intrinsic value of life as the subject and the life autonomy of every individual in the predicament.It sought to break through this evaluative dilemma through a holistic approach,which represents a reinterpretation of life measurement criteria.Bystanders who make decisions in the trolley dilemma have expanded the boundaries of life measurement by virtue of these two criteria.Even though the trolley problem,due to its moral scenario setting,respects neither the intrinsic value of life as the subject in general,nor the life autonomy of trolley drivers and passengers in part,the various criteria for life measurement are nonetheless capable of being balanced on this basis.Meanwhile,the current autonomous driving technology also seeks exemption reasons for life measurement from the practice regarding procedures and outcomes.Therefore,the criteria for life measurement have been further clarified due to the two criteria proposed by Dworkin,lending greater rationality to the bystanders'decisions on life value judgment in the trolley problem.关键词
电车难题/生命内在价值/生命自主权Key words
trolley problem/intrinsic value of life/autonomy of life分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
冯伟婷,王宁..生命衡量标准的迷思:电车难题下生命内在价值与自主权[J].中国医学伦理学,2026,39(4):492-498,7.
