作物学报2026，Vol.52Issue(5)：1279-1290,12.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2026.53079
基于产量差的作物大面积单产提升策略与展望
Strategies and prospects for large-scale crop yield improvement based on yield gap
摘要
Abstract
In the context of the"New Round of the 100-Billion-Jin Grain Production Capacity Enhancement Initiative",large-scale yield improvement has been identified as a core strategic pathway for ensuring national food security in China.Al-though national grain production has remained high and stable in recent years,further yield increases through cropland expansion are increasingly constrained by limited water and soil resources and growing environmental pressures.Addressing the key scien-tific questions of"whether major food crops still have room for yield improvement,how large this potential is,and how it can be realized",research on yield potential and yield gaps provide an essential theoretical and methodological foundation to quantify production potential,identify limiting factors,and design yield-enhancement strategies.This paper systematically reviews recent advances in yield potential assessment and yield gap analysis,revealing the magnitude of untapped yield potential and the domi-nant constraints across different crops and regions.Based on these insights,differentiated technical pathways for large-scale yield improvement are proposed.In regions with large yield gaps,priority should be given to optimizing crop management practices and resource allocation to accelerate yield gap closure.In contrast,in areas where yield gaps are relatively small,further yield gains rely on breeding innovation,key technological breakthroughs,and cropping system optimization to raise yield ceilings.In addition,this paper analyzes major bottlenecks in the dissemination and application of yield-enhancing technologies,highlighting the persistent disconnect between scientific outputs and on-farm practices that hampers large-scale adoption.Looking ahead,es-tablishing a coordinated and closed-loop framework encompassing yield potential assessment,yield gap diagnosis,technology integration,and on-farm implementation will be critical for translating scientific advances into sustained productivity gains.Through the synergistic advancement of technological innovations and supportive policy and system arrangements,China can continue to enhance its grain production capacity under constraints of limited arable land and environmental resources,thereby strengthening food security and agricultural sustainability.关键词
大面积单产提升/产量潜力/产量差/技术路径/粮食安全Key words
large-scale yield improvement/yield potential/yield gap/technology pathways/food security引用本文复制引用
王宇诚,张露,刘阿康,黄见良,彭少兵,袁珅..基于产量差的作物大面积单产提升策略与展望[J].作物学报,2026,52(5):1279-1290,12.基金项目
本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(T2261129473,72473049),国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1900600),武汉市自然科学基金探索计划(2024040801020290)和财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-01)资助.This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(T2261129473,72473049),the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD1900600),the Natural Science Foundation of Wuhan(2024040801020290),and the China Agri-culture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-01). （T2261129473,72473049）
