湖南大学学报（自然科学版）2026，Vol.53Issue(4)：19-28,10.DOI:10.16339/j.cnki.hdxbzkb.2026263
动态蛇形卷积结合可变形注意力Transformer增强的裂缝检测
Crack detection enhanced by combining dynamic snake convolution and deformable attention Transformer
摘要
Abstract
In response to the diverse and complex nature of cracks in ballastless track slabs,the existing crack detection methods suffer from insufficient extraction of crack target features,discontinuity detection and low accuracy.A crack detection enhanced method is proposed based on dynamic snake convolution and deformable attention Transformer.Initially,the approach enhances the ResNet-50 feature extraction backbone by using a dynamic snake convolution on the basis of the Mask2Former segmentation model.The dynamic snake convolution,with its continuous prediction capability,improves the feature extraction network's ability to fit the geometric features of diverse ballastless track cracks,enhancing the extraction of crack features and overcoming discontinuity detection issues.Subsequently,a deformable attention Transformer decoder module is designed to enable the model to dynamically adapt to changes in local features of ballastless track cracks,in order to enhance the ability to capture global contextual information and improve the accuracy of crack recognition.Furthermore,an improved feedforward network(FFN)is incorporated into the Transformer decoder to learn local information around the cracks,facilitating more accurate capture of local details and improving detection accuracy.Finally,the output of the Transformer decoder is fused with the pixel decoder output to obtain the crack detection results.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method accurately detects cracks of various shapes.It achieves a 6.34 percentage points increase in average accuracy,a 4.70 percentage points increase in average recall,and an F1-score of 94.30%compared with the original Mask2Former model.The proposed method exhibits superior performance in the detection of surface cracks on ballastless track slabs,enhancing detection accuracy and outperforming comparative methods in both subjective and objective evaluations.关键词
无砟轨道/裂缝检测/动态蛇形卷积/Transformer/缺陷检测Key words
ballastless track/crack detection/dynamic snake convolution/Transformer/defect detection分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
陈永,周建宇,安卓奥博..动态蛇形卷积结合可变形注意力Transformer增强的裂缝检测[J].湖南大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,53(4):19-28,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(62462043,61963023),National Natural Science Foundation of China(62462043,61963023) （62462043,61963023）
