江西农业大学学报2026，Vol.48Issue(2)：336-349,14.DOI:10.3724/aauj.2026029
关键生育阶段干旱对水稻生长和水分利用效率的影响
Effects of drought on rice growth and water use efficiency at key growth stages
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]There are some differences in the response of rice to drought stress with different growth stages.The study can provide theoretical basis for scientific irrigation and drought resistance and yield reduction of rice.[Method]A field plot experiment was conducted under rain-sheltered conditions,with normal irrigation as the control.Four drought levels of light drought(W1),moderate drought(W2),severe drought(W3)and extreme drought(W4)were set up at tillering stage(P1)and heading and flowering stage(P2),respectively.The plant height,tillering dynamics,chlorophyll content,yield and its composition,water consumption and water use efficiency were measured.[Result]The increase of drought degree inhibited the morphological development of rice.The average reduction of plant height and tiller number under drought treatment at tillering stage was 2.0 and 4.1 percentage points higher than that under drought treatment at heading and flowering stage,respectively.The SPAD values of leaves at tillering stage and heading and flowering stage decreased with the increase of drought grade,which decreased 11.5%-24.2%and 6.5%-21.8%respectively compared with CK.The effect of drought stress on rice yield was different at tillering stage and heading and flowering stage.When the drought at tillering stage continued to moderate drought level,the yield decreased gradually(8.4%-32.2%),while different levels of drought at heading and flowering stage led to a gradual decrease in yield(9.9%-40.1%).The yield reduction factor of drought stress at tillering stage was the decrease of effective panicles and grain number per panicle,while the heading and flowering stage was the significant decrease of 1000-grain weight and seed setting rate.The water consumption at tillering stage and heading and flowering stage decreased 6.8%-20.1%and 6.3%-17.8%respectively with the increase of drought grade,while the water use efficiency showed growth period differentiation.The average decrease of drought treatment at tillering stage was not significant(2.5%),and the average decrease at heading and flowering stage was 14%.[Conclusion]Drought at tillering stage affects yield formation by inhibiting tillering and panicle differentiation,while drought at heading and flowering stage causes a synergistic decrease in yield and water use efficiency by inhibiting grain filling.Therefore,systematically revealing the differential effects of continuous drought stress on the growth and water use of rice at key growth stages has practical guiding value for improving rice drought defense ability and ensuring food security.关键词
水稻/干旱等级/生育期/形态特征/光合特性/水分利用效率/产量Key words
swamp rice/drought grade/growth duration/morphological characteristics/photosynthetic characteristics/water use efficiency/yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
袁毅哲,郭巧玲,张文龙,万绍媛,许新发,许小华,时红,才硕..关键生育阶段干旱对水稻生长和水分利用效率的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2026,48(2):336-349,14.基金项目
江西省重点研发计划项目(20232BBG70029)和江西省水利科技项目(202325ZDKT01、202425TGKT04、202124ZDKT29)Project supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Jiangxi Province(20232BBG70029)and Ji-angxi Water Conservancy Science and Technology Projects(202325ZDKT01,202425TGKT04,202124ZDKT29) （20232BBG70029）
