人民长江2026，Vol.57Issue(4)：177-185,9.DOI:10.16232/j.cnki.1001-4179.2026.04.021
水位骤降对边坡稳定性影响的动态演化研究
Dynamic evolution of slope stability subjected to rapid reservoir water level drawdown
摘要
Abstract
Reservoir water level fluctuations significantly affect stability of bank slopes,among which rapid drawdown is a criti-cal factor introducing slope instability and poses a major threat to reservoir safety.To investigate the dynamic influence of draw-down rate on slope stability,this study takes the Zhangjiawan slope at the Tingzikou Hydraulic Project as a case study.Based on geological surveys and GNSS monitoring data,the spatiotemporal correlation between slope deformation and reservoir water level changes was analyzed.Numerical simulations were performed using GeoStudio to examine the seepage response and stability evolu-tion of the slope under various drawdown rates.The results show that:① A higher drawdown rate leads to a more pronounced re-duction in slope stability.When the water level dropped at a rate of 1 m/d,the factor of safety(FoS)sharply decreased from 1.40 to 1.01 within 12 days;in contrast,at a drawdown rate of 0.5 m/d,the FoS only decreased to 1.11,with a notably slower decline.② Drastic changes in pressure head and hydraulic gradient within the seepage field are the primary mechanisms underlying stabil-ity deterioration.During rapid drawdown,the pressure head at the slope toe decreased rapidly from 287.28 kPa to 95.76 kPa,and the seepage lag significantly weakened the shear strength of the sliding zone.③ The numerical simulation results are consistent with field monitoring data:a rapid drawdown of 3.61 m in February 2022 corresponded to a slope displacement of 1.99 m,while a drawdown of 2.11 m in September 2022 resulted in a displacement of 1.16 m.The above two field observations align with the simulated trend of a sharp decline of the FoS following rapid drawdown.This study systematically elucidates the seepage-me-chanical coupling mechanism through which rapid reservoir drawdown affects slope stability,providing a theoretical basis for dy-namic risk assessment and engineering prevention and control of reservoir bank slopes.关键词
库区边坡稳定性/水位骤降/渗流-应力耦合/Geo Studio模拟/GNSS监测/动态风险评估/亭子口水利枢纽Key words
reservoir slope stability/water level rapid drawdown/seepage-stress coupling/Geo Studio simulation/GNSS monitoring/dynamic risk evaluation/Tingzikou Hydraulic Project分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
武益民,张成良,陈娱..水位骤降对边坡稳定性影响的动态演化研究[J].人民长江,2026,57(4):177-185,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(51934003) （51934003）
