现代检验医学杂志2026，Vol.41Issue(3)：38-45,8.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1671-7414.2026.03.007
低温孵育微柱凝集法提高血清低效价不规则抗体检出率的应用分析
Analysis of the Application of the Low-Temperature Incubation Microcolumn Agglutination Method to Improve the Detection Rate of Serum Low-Titer Irregular Antibodies
张嵘 1刘丽娜 1廖红 1李青 1刘娅 1侯雪佳 1顾顺利 1尹文 1王文婷1
作者信息
- 1. 中国人民解放军空军军医大学西京医院输血科,西安 710032
- 折叠
摘要
Abstract
Objective To investigate the application and clinical significance of low-temperature incubation microcolumn ag-glutination method in improving the detection rate of low-titer irregular antibodies,thereby preventing hemolytic transfusion reactions caused by missed detection of irregular antibodies,accurately identifying antibody specificity,and further ensuring the safety and efficacy of clinical blood use.Methods From January to May 2024,seven specimens suspected of having saline anti-bodies were selected from 231 specimens sent to the reference laboratory at Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University due to positive antibody screening or cross-matching incompatibility.The antibody screening of the specimens was verified using the saline medium method at room temperature,and the results were compared with those from a fully automatic blood type analyz-er.For antibody identification tests,two protocols were employed:incubation at 37℃for 30 minutes and incubation at 4℃for 10 minutes,to analyze differences in agglutination patterns and agglutination intensity of spectral cells at different temperatures.Results Among the 7 specimens,6 showed weakly positive results in the fully automated blood typing instrument's antibody screening,another one was negative.Upon rechecking the antibody screening using the saline medium method,all specimens tested positive,with 1 specimen exhibiting a reaction pattern that differed from the fully automated blood typing instrument's results.The tested specimens displayed weak agglutination or unclear reaction patterns when incubated at 37℃,but the reactions were enhanced after incubation at 4℃.Anti-M antibodies were detected in 5 cases,all with an erythrocyte phenotype of NN.An-ti-Lea antibodies were detected in 1 case,and anti-Lea combined with anti-Leb antibodies in another case,both with a phenotype of Le(a-b-).Conclusions The microcolumn agglutination method with low-temperature incubation can significantly improve the detection rate of antibodies and the accuracy of antibody specificity identification in MNS and Lewis blood group systems,there-by preventing the missed detection of low-titer antibodies.关键词
低温孵育法/微柱凝集法/不规则抗体/输血反应Key words
low-temperature incubation method/microcolumn agglutination method/irregular antibodies/transfu-sion reaction分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
张嵘,刘丽娜,廖红,李青,刘娅,侯雪佳,顾顺利,尹文,王文婷..低温孵育微柱凝集法提高血清低效价不规则抗体检出率的应用分析[J].现代检验医学杂志,2026,41(3):38-45,8.
