中国畜牧杂志2026，Vol.62Issue(5)：147-155,9.DOI:10.19556/j.0258-7033.20250619-01
DNA甲基化和组蛋白修饰在哺乳动物卵母细胞成熟中的作用
Roles of DNA Methylation and Histone Modifications in Mammalian Oocyte Maturation
摘要
Abstract
The maturation of mammalian oocytes is precisely regulated by various epigenetic modifications,which dynamically reshape chromatin structure and modulate gene expression,thereby influencing spindle assembly,chromosomal stability,and segregation during oocyte meiosis,ultimately determining oocyte quality and developmental potential.DNA methyltransferases(DNMTs)mediate the formation of oocyte-specific hypermethylated regions,which are crucial for the expression of imprinted genes.Histone modifications exhibit high dynamism during oocyte maturation:acetylation and deacetylation regulated by histone acetyltransferases(HATs)and histone deacetylases(HDACs)directly affect chromatin states;whereas modifications such as histone phosphorylation,lactoylation,glycosylation,and SUMOylation regulate key processes including chromosome condensation,follicular microenvironment homeostasis,spindle dynamics,and chromosome segregation.Collectively,these modifications coordinately influence oocyte maturation.This review focuses on the process of oocyte development and maturation,systematically summarizes the core regulatory mechanisms of DNA methylation and histone modification,thereby providing a reference for further elucidating the regulatory network mechanisms underlying mammalian oocyte maturation.关键词
卵母细胞/组蛋白修饰/DNA甲基化/乙酰化/磷酸化Key words
Oocyte/Histone modification/DNA methylation/Acetylation/Phosphorylation分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
宋玮,张文海旭,李晓凤,曹鸣,李爽,马云,淡新刚..DNA甲基化和组蛋白修饰在哺乳动物卵母细胞成熟中的作用[J].中国畜牧杂志,2026,62(5):147-155,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(32460835) （32460835）
