浙江农业学报2026，Vol.38Issue(4)：731-744,14.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-1524.20250738
生物炭-沼液配施对酸性红壤氮素转化的长期效应
Long-term effects of combined application of biochar and biogas slurry on nitrogen transfor-mation in acidic red soil
摘要
Abstract
Soil acidification and low nitrogen use efficiency are key constraints to sustainable agriculture in southern China.A 5-year long-term field experiment with a Chinese cabbage-sweet potato rotation was conducted to systemati-cally explore the effects of combined biochar and biogas slurry application on nitrogen transformation in acidic red soil.Five treatments were set:no fertilizer control(CK),chemical fertilizer alone(C0B0),biogas slurry substitu-ting chemical fertilizer(C0B1),biochar combined with chemical fertilizer(C1B0),and biochar combined with bio-gas slurry(C1B1).Results showed that combined biochar and biogas slurry application significantly(p＜0.05)a-meliorated soil acidity.Soil pH value in C1B1 increased from an initial value of 5.44 to 7.13 after 5 years,which was significantly higher than that in C0B0 by 2.05.Compared with CK,urease activity in C1B1 significantly in-creased by 30.0％,while nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase activities decreased significantly by 35.2％and 36.3％,indicating a shift in the nitrogen cycle from nitrification-denitrification dominance to nitrogen fixation-assimi-lation dominance.Microbial community analysis showed that C1B1 significantly increased the relative abundance of nitrogen-fixing bacteria but decreased the relative abundance of nitrifying bacteria compared with C0B0.The 5-year average yields of Chinese cabbage and sweet potato in C1B1 were 56.31,46.17 t·hm-2,respectively,and the agro-nomic efficiency of nitrogen(AEN)was 234.4,220.4 kg·kg-1,respectively,in the Chinese cabbage season and sweet potato season,which were all significantly higher than those of C0B0.Structural equation modeling identified pH as the core driver regulating the nitrogen cycle,and random forest modeling showed that the pH value of 6.5 was the critical threshold for a sharp increase in AEN.In conclusion,combined biochar and biogas slurry application op-timizes nitrogen transformation in acidic red soil through pH-mediated multi-level regulation,which can reduce chem-ical fertilizer input while ensuring yield,providing a scientific basis for reducing chemical fertilizer application and improving efficiency.关键词
生物炭/沼液/酸性红壤/氮素转化/氮肥农学效率Key words
biochar/biogas slurry/acidic red soil/nitrogen transformation/agronomic efficiency of nitrogen分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
应孟飞,管毅伦,靳泽文,赵坤,平立凤,柴彦君,李艳,沈月,颜军..生物炭-沼液配施对酸性红壤氮素转化的长期效应[J].浙江农业学报,2026,38(4):731-744,14.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2022YFE0196000) （2022YFE0196000）
