长江科学院院报2026，Vol.43Issue(5)：17-22,41,7.DOI:10.11988/ckyyb.20250323
乌东德水库蓄水运用后主汛期排沙特性模拟
Simulation of Sediment Discharge Characteristics of Wudongde Reservoir in Main Flood Season after Impoundment
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The Wudongde Reservoir is the uppermost cascade reservoir among the Wudongde,Baihet-an,Xiluodu,and Xiangjiaba cascade reservoirs in the lower reaches of the Jinsha River.To support the operation scheduling of sediment discharge in the Wudongde Reservoir,a one-dimensional unsteady flow and sediment mathe-matical model for the mainstream and tributaries of the Wudongde Reservoir is established.The feasibility of the model is verified using measured data after impoundment,and then the sediment discharge characteristics of typical water and sediment processes during the initial impounding period of the Wudongde Reservoir are simulated.[Methods]The water and sediment processes in July and August of 2020,2022,and 2023 were selected as typi-cal water and sediment processes for model calculation.Among them,2020 was a high-flow year,while 2022 and 2023 were low-flow years.[Results]1)During July and August,the Wudongde Reservoir had strong sediment dis-charge capacity when the inflow volume was large.In July 2020,due to large inflow volume,the sediment discharge ratio corresponding to a water level of 945-975 m reached 32％-14％.During the impounding period in August,the impact of initial water level on sediment discharge capacity was not significant.In August 2020,due to large in-flow volume,the sediment discharge ratio corresponding to an initial water level of 952-975 m was relatively large,ranging from 24.8％to 18.8％.During July and August,the Wudongde Reservoir could utilize high water for sedi-ment discharge.2)Due to significant reduction in sediment inflow,the siltation volume and proportion in the fluc-tuating backwater area of the Wudongde Reservoir during July and August were relatively small,providing favorable conditions for optimal operation of the reservoir.During the flood season in July,when the inflow volume was large and reservoir water level was＞965 m,the siltation proportion in the fluctuating backwater area gradually increased but the siltation amount was small.When the inflow volume was small,the siltation pattern in the fluctuating back-water area was similar but the corresponding reservoir water level was 960 m.3)At the beginning of August during the impounding period,when the initial water level was raised and the inflow volume was large,the impact on the siltation volume and proportion in the fluctuating backwater area was small.When inflow volume was small,the silt-ation proportion in the fluctuating backwater area increased correspondingly with the rise of the initial water level,but the siltation volume remained small.When the inflow sediment volume was relatively small,the inflow water volume was the main factor affecting the siltation proportion in the fluctuating backwater area in July.When the in-flow sediment volume was relatively large,the inflow sediment volume was the main factor affecting the siltation proportion in the fluctuating backwater area in August.When the inflow sediment volume was relatively small,the inflow water volume was the main factor affecting the siltation proportion in the fluctuating backwater area in August.[Conclusion]With the significant reduction in inflow sediment volume after the impounding of the Wudongde Res-ervoir,even though the siltation proportion in the fluctuating backwater area increases,the increase in siltation vol-ume in the fluctuating backwater area remains small,indicating room for further optimization of reservoir operation.Therefore,when studying the optimal operation of the Wudongde Reservoir,it is not sufficient to only consider rela-tive indicators such as the sediment discharge ratio and the siltation proportion in the fluctuating backwater area.It is also necessary to consider absolute indicators such as the outflow sediment volume,the total siltation volume in the reservoir area,and the siltation volume in the fluctuating backwater area.This requires further long-term scou-ring and deposition calculations based on typical series years.Further in-depth research is needed on the optimiza-tion space for reservoir operation and specific regulation indicators under the permissible siltation principles of the Wudongde Reservoir.关键词
水沙数学模型/排沙特性/优化调度/模型验证/乌东德水库Key words
flow and sediment mathematical model/sediment discharge characteristics/optimal operation/model validation/Wudongde Reservoir分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
黄仁勇,高宇,王敏,元媛..乌东德水库蓄水运用后主汛期排沙特性模拟[J].长江科学院院报,2026,43(5):17-22,41,7.基金项目
国家自然科学基金长江水科学研究联合基金项目(U2240206,U2240224) （U2240206,U2240224）
中国长江三峡集团有限公司科研项目(0704209) （0704209）
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3200305) （2021YFC3200305）
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2023313/HL) （CKSF2023313/HL）
