长江科学院院报2026，Vol.43Issue(5)：23-31,9.DOI:10.11988/ckyyb.20250223
塔里木河中游河道特征断面演变特性
Evolution Characteristics of Typical Cross-section in the Middle Reaches of Tarim River
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aims to quantitatively identify the main hydrological driving factors of channel morphological changes in the middle reaches of the Tarim River;to be specific,the effects of discharge,daily dis-charge variation,sediment concentration,and daily sediment concentration variation on channel erosion-deposition dynamics.It also aims to quantify the seasonal relationships between key driving factors and morphological responses in different hydrological periods(dry season before flood,medium-water season before flood,flood season,and post-flood season),and to clarify the differentiated morphological evolution patterns of straight,naturally braided,and artificially straightened reaches under different discharge conditions.[Methods]A high-resolution two-dimen-sional flow and sediment transport model was established for a typical 8.41 km reach at the Tatilike Village section of the mainstream of the Tarim River.A high-precision initialization method was innovatively adopted.The airborne laser bathymetry was carried out in the dry season(April 1,2023)to minimize the interference of suspended sedi-ment,and a high-precision digital elevation model with a resolution of 3 m was generated as the initial riverbed to-pography.One-dimensional and two-dimensional models were coupled,and the validated one-dimensional model provided boundary conditions for the two-dimensional model,including the temporal discharge series at the inlet boundary and the temporal water depth series at the outlet boundary.With integrated spatiotemporal analysis,this model simulated daily morphological changes from April 1,2023 to November 30,2023,and output data at 21 characteristic cross-sections,cross-sections in braided reaches,and cross-sections in artificially straightened rea-ches.[Results]Compared with discharge,sediment concentration,and daily sediment concentration variation,daily discharge variation was the main hydrological factor affecting the intensity of erosion and deposition at the thal-weg of channel cross-sections.In different hydrological periods,including the dry season before flood,the medium-water season before flood,the flood season,and the post-flood season,the correlation between daily discharge vari-ation and daily thalweg elevation variation showed an increasing trend,with the strongest correlation in the post-flood season.The erosion and deposition process of the river channel exhibited significant seasonal differentiation.The influence of different periods on the evolution of the main channel followed the order:post-flood season＞flood season＞medium-water season before flood＞dry season before flood.[Conclusion]Daily discharge variation is the main driving factor controlling daily riverbed elevation changes and exhibits clear seasonal characteristics.Their cor-relation gradually increases from the dry season before flood to the post-flood season and reaches the strongest rela-tionship and maximum net erosion intensity after the flood peak.Given the significant impact of the post-flood sea-son on channel reshaping,management strategies should prioritize monitoring during this period and prepare for possible interventions.The established evolution intensity sequence(post-flood season＞flood season＞medium-wa-ter season before flood＞dry season before flood)provides a framework for predicting periods of high geomorphic ac-tivity and related ecological impacts,such as habitat gain and loss,and bank slope stability.The differentiated evo-lution trajectories of braided channels and the intensive erosion-dominated adjustment of artificially straightened rea-ches indicate that management and restoration measures must be tailored to specific reach types.This study provides a scientific basis for river planning and for responding to water diversion,climate change,or engineering interven-tions,and will effectively support the sustainable restoration practices of the Tarim River ecosystem.关键词
河道特征断面/演变趋势/数值模拟/水文因素/塔里木河Key words
characteristic sections/evolution trend/numerical simulation/hydrological factor/Tarim River分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
张小莹,张文博,刘淇,李琳,张凌凯..塔里木河中游河道特征断面演变特性[J].长江科学院院报,2026,43(5):23-31,9.基金项目
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(2022B03024-2) （2022B03024-2）
