电源技术2026，Vol.50Issue(5)：855-861,7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-087X.2026.05.010
布置方向对三元锂电池热失控及其传播行为的影响
Effect of arrangement orientation on thermal runaway and its propagation behavior in ternary lithium-ion batteries
摘要
Abstract
Lithium-ion battery energy storage technology is one of the key enablers driving modern electrification.However,thermal runaway and its propagation pose significant safety challenges for large-scale energy storage systems.During thermal runaway,the battery's pressure relief valve opens,releasing a large volume of electrolyte vapor and high-temperature flammable gases.The im-pact of dif-ferent battery orientations on the ejection behavior during thermal runaway and its influ-ence on thermal runaway propagation in battery modules remains unclear.This study investigates the thermal runaway and propagation behaviors of NCA103450 lithium-ion cells and modules under three orientations of safety valve placement:upward,downward,and horizontal.The results indicate that for single cells,a higher state of charge leads to a higher maximum thermal runaway tempera-ture and a shorter thermal runaway initia-tion time.While battery orientation has minimal impact on the thermal runaway behavior of single cells,in modules,the thermal runaway initiation time fol-lows the trend:upward-facing safety valve>horizontal>downward-facing safety valve,indicating that thermal runaway propagates most slowly with an upward-facing valve and most rapidly with a downward-facing valve.The orientation of the safety valve has a relatively minor effect on the mass loss during thermal runaway in battery modules.This study deepens the understanding of ejection,thermal runaway,and propagation behaviors in lithium-ion batteries,providing theoretical guidance for the safe design of battery modules and transportation.关键词
锂离子电池/安全阀/热失控/热失控传播/电池安全Key words
lithium-ion battery/safety valve/thermal runaway/thermal runaway propagation/battery safety分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
徐果,赵路遥,郑敏学,周雨,陈明毅..布置方向对三元锂电池热失控及其传播行为的影响[J].电源技术,2026,50(5):855-861,7.基金项目
火灾科学国家重点实验室开放课题(HZ2021-KF08) （HZ2021-KF08）
