电力系统自动化2026，Vol.50Issue(9)：66-79,14.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20250313007
电力市场非凸成本补偿机制对发电商竞价策略的影响分析
Analysis of Impact of Non-convex Cost Compensation Mechanisms on Bidding Strategies of Power Producers in Electricity Markets
摘要
Abstract
A rational pricing mechanism is the basis for the effective operation of electricity markets,with the participation rationality being a basic requirement for mechanism design.For the three-part bidding mechanism designed to facilitate the participation of resources with start-up and no-load costs,as well as intertemporal constraints such as coal-fired and gas-fired power plants in the market,the locational marginal pricing approach based directly on Lagrange multipliers is no longer applicable.Internationally,this issue is typically addressed through full-cost compensation mechanisms.However,in China,considering the coupling relationship between spot markets and medium-and long-term markets,partial compensation mechanisms are mostly adopted.To investigate the impact of partial compensation mechanisms on the strategic behavior of market participants,a multi-agent simulation framework based on deep reinforcement learning is constructed to precisely characterize the three-part bidding strategies of generating units,thereby enabling the quantitative revelation of the strategic behavior characteristics of market participants and their risk transmission pathways,as well as validating the effectiveness of market mechanism design.Based on this framework,simulation analyses are conducted for typical compensation mechanisms,including no compensation,start-up cost compensation only,time-of-use compensation,and full-cost compensation.The results indicate that under locational marginal pricing mechanisms,inadequate compensation tends to induce the strategic price increase among generating units to avoid losses,thereby increasing the market electricity prices and reducing social welfare,further affecting the power balance of the power system.In contrast,a full-cost compensation mechanism helps safeguard the revenues of power producers,lower electricity prices,and incentivize the provision of regulation capabilities.关键词
电力市场/三部制报价/全成本补偿/节点边际定价/参与约束/多代理仿真/深度强化学习Key words
electricity market/three-part bidding/full-cost compensation mechanism/locational marginal pricing/participation constraint/multi-agent simulation/deep reinforcement learning引用本文复制引用
荆朝霞,宋瑜辉,潘湛华,李煜鹏..电力市场非凸成本补偿机制对发电商竞价策略的影响分析[J].电力系统自动化,2026,50(9):66-79,14.基金项目
教育部人文社会科学研究专项基金资助项目(25JD710009). This work is supported by Special Fund for Humanities and Social Sciences Research,Ministry of Education,China(No.25JD710009). （25JD710009）
