分析化学2026，Vol.54Issue(4)：568-579,12.DOI:10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.251329
表面增强拉曼光谱生物探针在神经退行性疾病诊断中的研究进展
Research Progress of Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Bioprobes in Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
摘要
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are a group of major chronic disorders characterized by continuous neuronal damage and functional degeneration of the central nervous system,including Alzheimer's disease,Parkinson's disease,Huntington's disease,and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.They exhibit insidious onset,slow progression,and irreversible impairment,with pathological changes often occurring long before clinical symptoms appear.Therefore,developing highly sensitive detection technologies capable of achieving early diagnosis and dynamic monitoring is of great importance.Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy(SERS),relying on strong signal enhancement induced by localized surface plasmon resonance and charge-transfer effects,can achieve ultrasensitive,conformation-specific,and molecular"fingerprint"-level detection of a wide range of disease-related biomarkers in complex biofluids,providing a new approach to compensate for the limitations of traditional imaging,immunoassays,and mass spectrometry in early screening,noninvasive detection,and high-throughput applications.This review systematically summarizes the research progress of SERS in major neurodegenerative diseases over the past decade,highlighting representative advances in protein aggregate structural analysis,fluid biomarker detection,and cellular and tissue imaging,and further discussing how strategies such as lateral-flow assays,microfluidic integration,and machine-learning methods enhance SERS sensitivity,selectivity,and stability.Finally,current challenges in substrate standardization,signal repeatability,and clinical validation are summarized,and the potential of constructing high-performance and multi-biomarker SERS detection platforms for precise diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases is envisioned.关键词
表面增强拉曼光谱/神经退行性疾病/阿尔茨海默病/帕金森病/亨廷顿病/评述Key words
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy/Neurodegenerative diseases/Alzheimer's disease/Parkinson's disease/Huntington's disease/Review引用本文复制引用
孙莉,苗欣雨,谢育娇,郭家宝,刘奥驰,林杰,吴爱国..表面增强拉曼光谱生物探针在神经退行性疾病诊断中的研究进展[J].分析化学,2026,54(4):568-579,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(Nos.52501219,32025021,12374390,U25A20578)资助. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52501219,32025021,12374390,U25A20578). （Nos.52501219,32025021,12374390,U25A20578）
