南方农业学报2026，Vol.57Issue(3)：701-712,12.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2026.03.008
不同叶型五指毛桃皮中游离酚和结合酚的提取及其组成差异分析
Extraction and composition analysis of free phenols and bound phenols in Ficus hirta Vahl.root cortex with different leaf types
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The aim of the study was to optimize the extraction process of free phenols and bound phenols from Ficus hirta Vahl.root cortex with different leaf types,and analyze the composition and content differences of pheno-lic compounds in Ficus hirta Vahl.root cortex with different leaf types,which could provide reference for the breeding,deep processing and utilization of Ficus hirta Vahl.varieties.[Method]Ficus hirta Vahl.root cortex with different leaf types(no-lobed,three-lobed,five-lobed)were used as experiment materials.The extraction methods of free phenols and bound phenols were determined by single factor experiment.The compositions and contents of phenolic compounds in Fi-cus hirta Vahl.root cortex with different leaf types were determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS).Finally,principal component analysis(PCA)and partial least square discriminant analy-sis(PLS-DA)were used to screen the differential phenol compounds in Ficus hirta Vahl.root cortex with different leaf types.[Result]The extraction methods of free phenols and bound phenols from Ficus hirta Vahl.root cortex:the solvent was 60%acetone,ratio of solid to liquid was 1∶20,free phenol was obtained by ultrasonic extraction at 25℃for 10 min;15 mL of 2 mol/L sodium hydroxide was added to the residue,and hydrolysis was conducted at 75℃in a water bath for 4 h,then,residue was extracted by ethyl acetate,and dried by vacuum rotary evaporation,and bound phenol was obtained.The contents of free total polyphenols in no-lobed,three-lobed and five-lobed Ficus hirta Vahl.root cortex were 7.41,9.50,and 8.59 mg/g,and the contents of bound total polyphenols were 11.46,9.96,and 8.80 mg/g.The contents of free total polyphenols and bound total polyphenols showed significant difference among the three leaf types(P<0.05).The results of UPLC-MS analysis showed that,a total of 50 phenolic compounds were detected in free phenols and 49 pheno-lic compounds were detected in bound phenols.3-O-p-coumaroylquinic acid,sesamin,catechin,rutin,and isoorientin existed only in free type,while epicatechin gallate,catechin gallate,caffeic acid,and kaempferol existed only in bound type.The content of psoralen in free phenol part was the highest,which were 11868.37,14909.63,and 14050.10 μg/g in Ficus hirta Vahl.root cortex with no-lobed,three-lobed and five-lobed respectively.Among the bounding polyphenols,coniferin,afcatechin,ferulic acid,naringin and umbelliferolactone were the most abundant.The results of PCA and PLS-DA analysis showed that,free sericol,free coniferin,free cryptochlorogenic acid,free afcatechin,free chlorogenic acid,free naringin,free psoralen,free bergamolide,bound coniferin,bound ferulic acid,and bound coumaric acid were the main differential phenolic compounds in Ficus hirta Vahl.root cortex.Among them,free psoralen was the most important phenolic compound.[Conclusion]The compositions and contents of phenolic compounds in root cortex of Ficus hirta Vahl.with different leaf types vary greatly.Leaf type can be used as one of the criteria for distinguishing quality;more-over,there is a large amount of bound phenols in root cortex of Ficus hirta Vahl.,and it is important to focus on the utili-zation of the bound phenols to increase the added value of Ficus hirta Vahl.关键词
五指毛桃皮/游离酚/结合酚/提取方式/组成差异Key words
Ficus hirta Vahl.root cortex/free phenols/bound phenols/extraction method/composition difference分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
桂青,李世钰,陈清勉,涂寒奇,黄坚雄,王秀全..不同叶型五指毛桃皮中游离酚和结合酚的提取及其组成差异分析[J].南方农业学报,2026,57(3):701-712,12.基金项目
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-33) （CARS-33）
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1630022024008) China Agriculture Research System(CARS-33) （1630022024008）
Central Public-Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(1630022024008) （1630022024008）
