摘要
Abstract
Scattered elements are the key raw materials to support the development of high-tech fields,and play an irreplaceable role in strategic emerging industries and national defense security.Scattered elements such as germa-nium,indium,cadmium,gallium and thallium are mostly associated with lead-zinc mines,but mineral processing recovery is not sufficient.The associated germanium,indium,cadmium,gallium and thallium in the lead-zinc deposit are very small in content,mainly in the form of isomorphism.There are few independent minerals,and the occurrence minerals are diverse and complex,but they have certain mineral specificity:germanium mainly occurs in sphalerite and galena;indium and cadmium mainly occur in sphalerite;gallium mainly occurs in sphalerite and aluminum minerals.Thallium mainly occurs in Galena,pyrite and marcasite.In mineral processing,germanium,indium,cadmium,gal-lium and thallium are separated and recovered with carrier minerals.Germanium,indium and gallium will make the floatability of carrier sphalerite worse than that of ordinary sphalerite,and cadmium will make the floatability of carrier sphalerite better than that of ordinary sphalerite.As a toxic scattered heavy metal,thallium is mainly removed from lead concentrate by wet leaching or transferred to tailings with pyrite and marcasite.The isomorphic substitution of germanium,indium,cadmium and gallium will lead to the change of the floatability of the carrier mineral sphalerite and increase the difficulty of flotation recovery.However,the recovery rate of germanium,indium,cadmium and gal-lium can be effectively improved by optimizing the beneficiation process,flotation reagents and process conditions.The occurrence state of associated scattered elements in lead-zinc ore,the flotation behavior of carrier minerals and their distribution in the beneficiation process still need to be further studied.In view of the flotation characteristics of carrier minerals,the development of exclusive flotation reagents and efficient separation processes is an important research direction in this field in the future.关键词
铅锌矿/闪锌矿/稀散元素/浮选/载体矿物/可浮性/赋存形式/富集回收Key words
lead-zinc mine/sphalerite/scattered elements/flotation/carrier minerals/floatability/occurrence form/enrichment recovery分类
矿业与冶金
