河南农业科学2026，Vol.55Issue(4)：90-99,10.DOI:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2026.04.009
香菇主要木霉病原菌的分离鉴定及5种植物精油抑菌效果研究
Isolation and Identification of the Main Trichoderma Pathogens in Shiitake Mushrooms and Study on the Antibacterial Effects of Five Plant Essential Oils
摘要
Abstract
Trichoderma disease is one of the major biological stress factors restricting the development of the shiitake mushroom industry in Northwest China.To clarify the species composition of the pathogenic fungi and explore effective biological control measures,pathogenic Trichoderma strains were isolated from infected shiitake mushroom cultivation bags collected from greenhouses in Wuwei City,Gansu Province,and were identified through morphological observation and molecular analysis.In addition,the control effects of five plant essential oils(Magnolia officinalis,Sophora flavescens,Cnidium monnieri,Glycyrrhiza uralensis,and Coptis chinensis)at different volume fractions(0,0.125‰,0.250‰,0.500‰,and 1.000‰)against the pathogens were comprehensively evaluated.The results showed that the main pathogenic Trichoderma species responsible for large-scale contamination of cultivation bags were Trichoderma anaharzianum and Trichoderma lixii.Among the tested essential oils,Sophora flavescens essential oil exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on both pathogenic fungi.At a volume fraction of 1.000‰,mycelial growth and spore production of both Trichoderma species were completely inhibited,and the spore germination inhibition rates reached 93.73％and 97.17％,respectively.In addition,Magnolia officinalis essential oil also showed strong antifungal activity against both pathogens.At a volume fraction of 1.000‰,it achieved optimal efficacy,with mycelial growth inhibition rates of 94.91％and 94.01％,spore germination inhibition rates of 90.24％and 92.93％,respectively,and complete suppression of spore production.The other three essential oils(Cnidium monnieri,Glycyrrhiza uralensis,and Coptis chinensis)exhibited relatively low inhibitory effects on mycelial growth of the two Trichoderma species,but showed varying degrees of inhibition on spore germination and spore production.In conclusion,Sophora flavescens and Magnolia officinalis essential oils demonstrate the best overall efficacy in inhibiting mycelial growth,spore germination,and spore production of pathogenic Trichoderma,and thus can be considered promising plant-derived antifungal agents for the green control of Trichoderma disease in shiitake mushroom cultivation.关键词
香菇/木霉菌/病原鉴定/植物精油/抑菌效果Key words
Shiitake mushroom/Trichoderma/Pathogen identification/Plant essential oils/Antifungal effect分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李明哲,毛雨晴,杨洁琼,郭润霞,段振伟,班立桐,王远宏,于海利..香菇主要木霉病原菌的分离鉴定及5种植物精油抑菌效果研究[J].河南农业科学,2026,55(4):90-99,10.基金项目
中央引导地方资金项目(24ZYQH006) （24ZYQH006）
甘肃省东西部科技协作专项(24CXNH009) （24CXNH009）
天津市中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(24YCGSN00070,23YCGSN00870) （24YCGSN00070,23YCGSN00870）
