气象与环境学报2026，Vol.42Issue(1)：33-46,14.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-503X.2026.01.004
基于GPM探测的一次北上温带气旋降水结构特征研究
A study on the precipitation structure of a northward-moving extratropical cyclone based on GPM satellite observations
摘要
Abstract
Based on observational data from the Global Precipitation Measurement(GPM)satellite,this study in-vestigates the macro-and micro-physical characteristics of precipitation associated with a northward-moving extrat-ropical cyclone.The horizontal distribution and the fine-scale vertical structural characteristics of relevant physical quantities are analyzed on sectoral partitioning and precipitation-type classification within the cyclone.This ap-proach elucidates the key macro-and micro-physical processes and their coupling mechanisms governing precipita-tion formation in the extratropical cyclone.Results indicate that precipitation associated with northward-moving ex-tratropical cyclone is primarily stratiform.The southern sector exhibits typical warm-sector precipitation characteris-tics,with deeper convection,higher cloud tops,greater precipitation intensity,and more active convective proces-ses.In contrast,the northern rainband is characterized by relatively shallow precipitation systems,dominated by shallow convective and stratiform types.Regarding raindrop size distribution,both convective and shallow convec-tive precipitation exhibit higher particle number concentrations than stratiform precipitation.The effective particle radius in convective precipitation is larger than in stratiform precipitation,whereas in shallow convective precipitati-on it is smaller.Overall,effective particle radius increases with cloud-top height,while no significant correlation is observed with particle number concentration.In the southeastern quadrant of the cyclone,coalescence processes dominate in over 60%of precipitation samples,followed by breakup processes(exceeding 20%),with evapora-tion having the least influence.In contrast,within the northwestern quadrant of the cyclone,precipitation type gov-erns the microphysical processes:stratiform precipitation is predominantly influenced by breakup processes(55.15%),while shallow convective precipitation is primarily dominated by coalescence processes(accounting for as high as 89%).This study not only enhances the scientific understanding of macro-and micro-scale charac-teristics and evolutionary mechanisms of extratropical cyclones in middle and high latitude regions,but also pro-vides a theoretical foundation for improving cloud microphysical and cumulus convection parameterization schemes in numerical weather prediction models for middle and high latitude cyclones.关键词
北上温带气旋/GPM DPR/降水垂直结构/降水粒子谱Key words
Northward-moving extratropical cyclone/GPM DPR/Precipitation vertical structure/Raindrop size distribution分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
潘晓,李得勤,公颖,易雪,田莉,杨森..基于GPM探测的一次北上温带气旋降水结构特征研究[J].气象与环境学报,2026,42(1):33-46,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(42275171)、中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2025J026)、中国气象局全国暴雨研究开放基金(BYKJ2025M01)、辽宁省自然科学基金(2025－MSLH－381、2025－MS－329)、中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所基金(2018SYIAEZD5)和中国气象局青年创新团队(CMA20240N05)项目共同资助. （42275171）
