南京大学学报（自然科学版）2026，Vol.62Issue(3)：335-346,12.DOI:10.13232/j.cnki.jnju.2026.03.001
热带气旋强度减弱的环境因子及物理机制研究进展综述
A review of recent research progress on the environmental factors and physical mechanisms of tropical cyclone intensity weakening
摘要
Abstract
Changes in tropical cyclone(TC)intensity are a critical determinant of their destructive potential.However,our understanding of TC weakening processes remains limited.This paper systematically reviews the environmental factors and physical mechanisms governing TC intensity decay.First,the definition of TC weakening and the differences in rapid weakening definitions across ocean basins are presented.Then,the major environmental factors responsible for TC weakening and the associated physical mechanisms are overviewed.The ocean reduces the energy supply by decreasing sea surface temperatures(SST),enhancing horizontal SST gradients,and triggering cold wake feedback mechanisms.Vertical wind shear disrupts the warm-core structure by inducing vortex tilt and ventilation effects.Land surfaces accelerate weakening by increasing surface roughness to enhance frictional dissipation and by cutting off energy sources through drying processes.Aerosols modulate TC intensity changes through aerosol-radiation interactions and aerosol-cloud interactions via multiple pathways.Multiscale weather systems,including upper-level troughs,monsoon systems,and binary TC interactions,trigger TC weakening by coupling multiple adverse factors.Finally,the long-term trends of TC weakening on climatic scales are summarized.The decay process of global major TCs has accelerated,and the TC weakening rate over the western North Pacific has increased.Future research needs to deepen the understanding of multiscale interactions and develop high-resolution coupled models integrated with artificial intelligence approaches to improve TC weakening forecast capability,thereby providing scientific support for disaster prevention and mitigation.关键词
热带气旋/强度减弱/环境因子/物理机制Key words
tropical cyclone/intensity weakening/environmental factors/physical mechanism分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
张茜雅,顾剑峰..热带气旋强度减弱的环境因子及物理机制研究进展综述[J].南京大学学报（自然科学版）,2026,62(3):335-346,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(42575010) （42575010）
