南京航空航天大学学报（英文版）2026，Vol.43Issue(2)：251-274,24.DOI:10.16356/j.1005-1120.2026.02.007
基于大语言模型的复杂工业系统设计:以供暖系统设计为例
LLM-Based Design of Complex Industrial Systems:A Case Study of Heating System Design
蔡鑫 1吕宏强 2许冉 1王波 3王琦 3王鹤云 3刘学军1
作者信息
- 1. 南京航空航天大学人工智能学院,南京 211106,中国
- 2. 南京航空航天大学航空学院,南京 210016,中国
- 3. 青岛凯能环保科技有限公司,青岛 266300,中国
- 折叠
摘要
Abstract
Modular design of complex engineering systems is a universal technology for rapid system design in the modern industrial field.Generating assembly schemes for modular engineering systems in industrial production is the core of achieving automation in system design.Traditional system design methods based on human experience suffer from low efficiency and poor adaptability.To enable the automatic assembly of modules for engineering systems,the performance matching and correlation between modules need to be accurately identified.Currently,general large language models,with their strong language analysis capabilities,have been applied to multiple industries.However,limited by data barriers in specific industrial field,their application in assembly of system modules is rare.Therefore,constructing high-quality domain data,fine-tuning professional large language models,and developing domain frameworks for automatic design of modular system constitute an important research direction to be explored at present.Based on the Qwen2.5 open-source large model,we utilize industrial system knowledge to construct a component library and propose a large language model for design of complex industrial system(DCI-LLM).Through the proposed low-rank adaptation(LoRA)-freeze-based"local-collaborative"fine-tuning method which combines local module and global knowledge of the system,DCI-LLM automatically generates system composition schemes and produces the related engineering drawings given system design requirements.We use the scheme design of heating systems as an example to verify the effectiveness of the proposed framework.Experimental results show that the fine-tuned DCI-LLM model achieves accuracy rates of 93.4%and 89.3%in answering questions about module knowledge and global knowledge,respectively.Moreover,scores from professional engineers indicate that DCI-LLM has practical application potential in scheme design of complex modular systems.Our work demonstrates that LLMs have significant application prospects in the field of automatic scheme design for complex industrial systems.关键词
大语言模型/低秩自适应微调/冻结微调/复杂系统设计/系统工程Key words
large language model(LLM)/low-rank adaptation(LoRA)fine-tuning/freeze fine-tuning/complex system design/system engineering分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
蔡鑫,吕宏强,许冉,王波,王琦,王鹤云,刘学军..基于大语言模型的复杂工业系统设计:以供暖系统设计为例[J].南京航空航天大学学报（英文版）,2026,43(2):251-274,24.
